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目的:调查变应性鼻炎(AR)在浙江宁波市与湖南永州市两地城乡的流行情况。方法:2006年10月~2007年6月随机抽取2市15个调查点(村或居民小区以及2个医院体检中心),采用描述性研究中的现况研究方法,现场发送自填问卷与面访问卷调查相结合,对有AR症状的患者进行专科检查予以确诊。结果:①抽取4 294户(11 231人),实际调查3 803户(9 969人),AR患病人数303人;②2市AR患病率:宁波市4.10%,永州市1.65%(经性别校正后分别是4.10%、1.64%,经年龄校正后分别是4.33%、1.58%),海岛居民患病率最低0.73%;③AR并发哮喘8%;有家族史12%。结论:AR患病率宁波市高于永州市(均P<0.05);城市高于农村;以青少年(36岁以下)患病率为高。AR患者有可能并发哮喘和受遗传因素影响。AR有治愈的可能。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in urban and rural areas between Ningbo, Zhejiang and Yongzhou, Hunan. Methods: From October 2006 to June 2007, 15 investigation points (village or residential area and 2 hospital physical examination centers) in 2 cities were randomly selected. Based on the current research methods in descriptive studies, the questionnaire and face Survey of the combination of questionnaire, AR symptoms of patients with specialist examination to be diagnosed. Results: (1) There were 4 294 households (11 231), 3 803 households (9 969) and 303 AR patients. (2) The prevalence of AR in 2 cities was 4.10% in Ningbo and 1.65% in Yongzhou 4.10% and 1.64% after correction, respectively, 4.33% and 1.58% after age correction). The lowest prevalence among island residents was 0.73%. AR was associated with 8% of asthma and 12% with family history. Conclusion: The prevalence of AR in Ningbo is higher than that in Yongzhou (all P <0.05). The prevalence of AR in rural areas is higher than that in rural areas. The prevalence of adolescents (under 36 years old) is higher. AR patients may be complicated by asthma and genetic factors. AR may be cured.