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菜用大豆是我国特有的蔬菜,广泛分布于长江流域。近几年,随着市场经济及外向型农业的发展,菜用大豆有了蓬勃发展,尤其在我国南方,己形成一定生产规模,并加工出口外销。为了适应生产发展的需要,我们在结合本地区育种实践的基础上.对江淮下游地区菜用大豆育种中的几个问题进行初步探讨,以期推动当地菜用大豆品种的改良。 一、品质改进 菜用大豆与普通大豆相比,除了产量外,对品质有特殊的要求,应从以下三方面着手改进。一是外观品质,即人们直接观察到的美（粒）大小和色泽,与育种相关的性状有荚鲜重、百粒重、每荚粒数、茸毛色、脐色及种皮色。传统消费习惯,大家多喜爱大荚大粒、白毛、浅色脐、含三粒荚多的品种,国际市场上以豆荚形式销售的青毛豆,根据荚粒数确定商品等级。豆荚大小及籽粒数是受遗传控制的。在引进筛选国内外大粒种进行杂交的同时,应注意选择抗炸荚、浅
Vegetable soybean is unique to our vegetables, are widely distributed in the Yangtze River. In recent years, with the development of market economy and export-oriented agriculture, vegetable soybeans have thrived, especially in the south of our country, and have formed a certain scale of production and exported for processing. In order to meet the needs of the development of production, we combine the practice of breeding in this region on the basis of several issues in the vegetable saponification in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Huaihe area in order to promote the improvement of local vegetable varieties. First, the quality improvement Vegetable soybean compared with ordinary soybean, in addition to yield, the quality of the special requirements, should proceed with the following three aspects to improve. First, the appearance of quality, that is, people directly observed the beauty (grain) size and color, and breeding traits related to the fresh weight of pods, weight per 100, per pod grain number, velvet color, umbilical and seed coat color. Traditional consumption habits, everyone loves large pods, white hair, light navel, with more than three varieties of pods, pod sales in the international market of green soybeans, pods according to the number of particles to determine the product grade. Pods size and grain number are genetically controlled. In the introduction of screening large domestic and foreign hybrids at the same time, should pay attention to choose anti-fried pod, shallow