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寒区土体河渠的研究对寒区土渠灌溉系统具有重要的影响,也对国家农业经济的发展具有重大的意义。通过对俄罗斯萨哈共和国典型寒区土渠监测与分析,以Khorobut灌渠为例,对Khorobut、Khalaany、Dadaar和Shestakovskaya四个灌溉体系的观测研究结果分别进行论述与分析。而在本文中主要讲述Khorobut流域灌溉体系。指出:(1)Khorobut流域灌溉土渠的建造历史(是雅库特最古老的灌溉体系之一)及其现状;(2)土渠分别在1969—1970年、1983—1984年、1986年进行监测,其监测的特征参数均发生变化;(3)对深度为2.5~4.0m的主河渠(第一类河渠),深度为1.5m的供水排水河渠(第二类河渠)两种类型的河渠不同区段渠道变形特征进行分析。主河渠(第一类河渠)沿着阿拉斯洼地行进,深度超过季节性解冻深度,其轨道经历了四个阶段:Sytygan、Elesin、Ulakh和Ebe,变形的性质通常相同;第二类河渠(供水和排水)的研究让我们观察了不同运行阶段河渠河床的形成。
The research of soil canal in cold area has important influence on the irrigation system of soil canal in cold area and also has great significance to the development of national agricultural economy. Through the monitoring and analysis of the canyon in the typical cold area of the Saha Republic in Russia, taking the Khorobut irrigation canal as an example, the results of observing and researching on the four irrigation systems of Khorobut, Khalaany, Dadaar and Shestakovskaya are respectively discussed and analyzed. In this article, we mainly talk about the irrigation system of Khorobut basin. (1) History of the construction of irrigation canals in the Khorobut basin (one of Yakut’s oldest irrigation systems) and its status quo; (2) Soil cannels were conducted in 1969-1970, 1983-1984 and 1986 respectively Monitoring and monitoring of the characteristics of the parameters have changed; (3) depth of 2.5 ~ 4.0m of the main canal (first type of canal), the depth of 1.5m of the water supply and drainage channels (the second category) two types of canals Analysis of deformation characteristics of different sections of channels. The main channel (Type I channel) travels along the Alaskan Depth beyond the depth of seasonal thaw and its orbit experiences four phases: Sytygan, Elesin, Ulakh and Ebe, with generally the same deformations; the second type of channel And drainage), let us look at the formation of river channels in different stages of operation.