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目的了解2009-2014年上海市普陀区预防接种不良反应的发生特征,评价预防接种安全性。方法通过疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统,收集截至2015年1月31日报告的2009-2014年发生的不良反应个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2009-2014年普陀区共报告预防接种不良反应个案4 242例,不良反应报告率为206.27/10万剂;不良反应报告率的最高峰在8月,最低峰在1月。男、女性别比为1.25∶1;0岁组占41.42%。不良反应发生时间距离接种时间的间隔以0~1 d为主,疫苗接种剂次以第1剂为主;一般反应以红肿/硬结/疼痛、发热为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹为主;99.88%的不良反应病例转归为治愈。结论普陀区不良反应报告率逐步提高,使用的疫苗具有良好的安全性;不良反应常发生在小月龄儿童、首剂接种和接种早期。
Objective To understand the incidence of vaccination adverse reactions in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2009 to 2014 and evaluate the safety of vaccination. Methods The data of adverse reactions reported in 2009-2014 as of January 31, 2015 were collected through the suspected vaccination anomaly information management system and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 4 242 cases of adverse reactions were reported in Putuo District during 2009-2014. The reported rate of adverse reactions was 206.27 / 10 000 doses. The highest incidence of adverse reactions was reported in August and the lowest was January. Male and female ratio of 1.25: 1; 0-year-old group accounted for 41.42%. The duration of adverse reactions was 0-1 d from the inoculation time, with the first dose being the main vaccination agent. The general reaction was mainly erythematous / induration, pain and fever, and the main reaction was allergic rash. 99.88% of the adverse reactions were cured. Conclusion The reporting rate of adverse reactions in Putuo District gradually increased, and the vaccine used had good safety. Adverse reactions often occurred in children with small month-old. The first dose and the early vaccination were used.