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目的探讨婴幼儿喘息与呼吸道病毒感染及过敏的关系。方法选择反复喘息(哮喘和喘息性支气管炎)患儿152例、毛细支气管炎(毛支)患儿191例、肺炎患儿101例,取鼻咽分泌物进行7种常见呼吸道病毒检测,同时取血筛查过敏原。结果3组患儿病毒检测总阳性率为60.4%,各组患儿病毒检测阳性率差异有显著性(P<0.01),但均以呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)为主,其他病毒阳性率很低。所有患儿食物过敏阳性率为25.5%,吸入过敏原阳性率仅5.6%。3组患儿的过敏原阳性率差异有显著性(P<0.05或0.01),反复喘息组显著高于毛支组和肺炎组(P均<0.05),而后两组间差异无显著性。结论RSV是诱发婴幼儿喘息和喘息反复发作的主要病原;过敏是婴幼儿反复喘息发生的重要危险因素,而呼吸道合胞病毒感染的发生与患儿是否存在过敏无关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between wheezing and respiratory virus infection and allergy in infants and young children. Methods 152 cases of recurrent wheezing (asthma and asthmatic bronchitis), 191 children with bronchiolitis (bronchiolitis), 101 children with pneumonia were selected, and seven kinds of common respiratory viruses were detected by nasopharyngeal secretions. Blood screening allergens. Results The total positive rate of virus detection in the three groups was 60.4%. The positive rate of virus in each group was significantly different (P <0.01), but all were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The positive rates of other viruses were very high low. All children with food allergy positive rate was 25.5%, inhaled allergen positive rate of only 5.6%. The allergen positive rate in the three groups was significantly different (P <0.05 or 0.01), repeated wheezing group was significantly higher than the hair branch group and pneumonia group (P <0.05), but no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions RSV is the main pathogen that induces recurrent wheezing and wheezing in infants and young children. Allergy is an important risk factor for recurrent wheezing in infants and young children. RSV infection has no relation with the presence or absence of allergy in infants.