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表面间的接触实质上是粗糙表面微凸体间的相互作用，而微凸体的变形方式取决于其分布规律、几何形状及所承受载荷大小。本文利用粗糙表面弹－塑性接触模型研究了表面粗糙度对轮轨接触应力和真实接触面积的影响，并通过数值计算得到影响关系曲线。
The contact between the surfaces is essentially the interaction between the asperities on the rough surface, and the deformation of the asperities depends on their distribution, geometry and the size of the load they bear. In this paper, the effect of surface roughness on the wheel-rail contact stress and the real contact area is studied by the rough surface elastic-plastic contact model. The influence curve is obtained by numerical calculation.