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为更好地开展南水北调中线工程对汉江中下游水华生态环境问题影响的量化研究,分析了调水工程对汉江中下游水质的影响。基于龙王庙断面的水质序列,假设污染物通量不变,推算调水后断面水质数据并评价其水质类别。结果表明,调水工程对汉江中下游水质有明显影响。调水后,无引江济汉工程情形下,各时期水质超标率均增加;有引江济汉工程补偿作用下,枯水期、丰水期的水质超标率降低,但仍大幅高于调水前,而平水期水质超标率低于调水前。调水后,有、无引江济汉工程两种情形下均枯水期水质超标率最大,这表明调水工程对枯水期的水质影响最明显。汉江水华暴发期集中在枯水期,调水工程对汉江中下游枯水期水质的影响对水华暴发起促进作用。
In order to better carry out quantitative analysis of the influence of midline of South - to - North Water Diversion Project on the ecological environment of the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River, the influence of water diversion project on the water quality in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River was analyzed. Based on the water quality sequence of the Longwangmiao section, assuming that the pollutant flux is constant, the water quality data of the section after water diversion are estimated and the water quality categories are evaluated. The results show that the water diversion project has a significant impact on the water quality in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River. After the water diversion, without the Jijiang River project, water exceeding the standard rate increased in each period; under the compensatory role of water diversion from the Jijiang River to Han Dynasty, the over-standard water quality of the dry season and wet season decreased but remained significantly higher than that before water diversion, Water quality is lower than the rate of water transfer before. After water diversion, with or without water diversion project, the exceeding standard rate of water quality in dry season was the largest in both cases, which showed that water diversion project had the most obvious influence on water quality in dry season. The outbreak of Hanjiang River bloom concentrated in the dry season, and the effect of water diversion project on the water quality in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River during the dry season accelerated the outbreak of water bloom.