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近年来有关化学物质免疫毒性的研究受到了毒理学家和免疫学家的共同关注。由于免疫系统对环境化学物质的毒作用甚为敏感,以及免疫细胞的功能和形态变化能够在体外很好地复制,因此免疫毒理学得以迅速发展。随着免疫毒理学的发展,免疫学检测手段在毒理学中的应用日益广泛和深入。鉴于免疫系统的复杂性,参与免疫应答的器官不是单一的,参与免疫反应的细胞也是多种多样的;因此要想对一个化学物质的免疫毒性作出全面评价,决非是用一个实验就能说明的;需要选择一组实验来研究其对体液免疫、细胞免疫以及巨噬细胞功能等的影响。本文就近年来发展的免疫毒理学研究常用方法及其评价作一综述。
In recent years, studies on the immunotoxicity of chemical substances have drawn the common attention of toxicologists and immunologists. Immunotoxicology is rapidly evolving because the immune system is very sensitive to the toxic effects of environmental chemicals and immune cell functions and morphological changes can replicate well in vitro. With the development of immunotoxicology, the application of immunological detection methods in toxicology is increasingly widespread and in-depth. In view of the complexity of the immune system, the organs involved in the immune response are not single and the cells involved in the immune response are diverse; therefore, an overall evaluation of the immunotoxicity of a chemical is by no means an experiment ; Need to choose a set of experiments to study its impact on humoral immunity, cellular immunity and macrophage function. This article reviews the commonly used methods and their evaluation of immunotoxicology developed in recent years.