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目的明确中国乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）Ｃ基因启动子（ＢＣＰ）区段变异特点及其可能的临床意义。方法应用错配聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ）方法，结合核苷酸序列分析，检测１４３例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性的ＨＢＶ慢性感染者中Ｘ基因／ＢＣＰ区的核苷酸（ｎｔ）１７６２碱基由Ａ→Ｔ和１７６４碱基由Ｇ→Ａ变异。结果在１１４份ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性血清中，３７例感染ＢＣＰ变异株，其中３１例为慢性肝炎病例，６例为慢性ＨＢＶ无症状感染者（ＡｓＩ）；其中４１例ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性ＡｓＩ中仅２例检出，１８例ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性ＡｓＩ中也有４例检出。ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性的６５例中，１３例有ＢＣＰ区变异，而ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性的４９例中，２４例有ＢＣＰ区变异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论错配ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ检测这一对点突变，具有快速、简便、适用的优点；ＨＢＶ毒株ＢＣＰ变异可能与肝病变活动有一定关系。
Objective To clarify the characteristics of the HBV C gene promoter (BCP) in China and its possible clinical significance. Methods PCR-RFLP and nucleotide sequence analysis were used to detect the nucleotide (ORF) of X gene / BCP region in 143 HBsAg-positive chronic HBV patients nt) 1762 bases are mutated from G → A by A → T and 1764 bases. Results Of the 114 HBVDNA positive sera, 37 were infected with BCP, of which 31 were chronic hepatitis and 6 were asymptomatic patients with chronic HBV infection (AsI). Only 41 out of 41 HBeAg positive AsI were detected, Eighteen cases of HBeAg-negative AsI were also detected in 4 cases. Of the 65 HBeAg-positive cases, 13 had BCP mutation, while 24 of HBeAg-negative patients had BCP mutation (P <0.01). Conclusion Mismatched PCR-RFLP detection of this point mutation, with fast, simple and suitable advantages; HBV BCP mutation may have a certain relationship with liver disease activity.