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本文以硝酸银和抗坏血酸为原料,通过简单的室温固相路线快速合成了银纳米结构.TEM观察显示,表面活性剂对银纳米结构的形貌存在重要的影响:无任何表面活性剂存在时,只能获得团聚的银纳米粒子;十二烷基硫酸钠用作表面活性剂时,获得由银纳米粒子组装的纳米棒;而十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作表面活性剂时,可获得一些银纳米线.同时,不同的银纳米结构其光学、电化学性能也不相同:在UV-Vis光谱中,团聚的银纳米粒子的吸收峰位置分别在270nm和465nm;银纳米棒的吸收峰分别位置分别在284nm和442nm,且前者弱,后者强;银纳米线则只在274nm处有一强的吸收峰。而在电化学响应中,团聚的银纳米粒子、纳米线和纳米棒的氧化、还原峰分别出现在0.396V和0.307V、0.087V和-0.045V、0.422V和0.324V.
In this paper, silver nitrate and ascorbic acid were used as raw materials to synthesize silver nanostructures through a simple solid-phase route at room temperature. TEM observations showed that the surfactants had an important influence on the morphology of the silver nanostructures: In the absence of any surfactants, Only the agglomerated silver nanoparticles can be obtained; when sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as a surfactant, nanorods assembled from silver nanoparticles are obtained; and when cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is used as a surfactant, Some silver nanowires were obtained.At the same time, the optical and electrochemical properties of different silver nanostructures were also different: in the UV-Vis spectrum, the positions of absorption peaks of agglomerated silver nanoparticles were at 270nm and 465nm, respectively; the absorption of silver nanorods The peaks were located at 284nm and 442nm, respectively, with the former weak and the latter strong. Silver nanowires had a strong absorption peak at 274nm. In the electrochemical reaction, the oxidation and reduction peaks of agglomerated silver nanoparticles, nanowires and nanorods appear at 0.396V and 0.307V, 0.087V and -0.045V, 0.422V and 0.324V, respectively.