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目的 研究促红细胞生成素(EPO)对于激素性股骨头坏死大鼠模型的预防作用.方法 将SD大鼠分为3组,模型组在大鼠后腿肌内注射甲基泼尼松龙20 mg/kg体重,2次/周,连续用药6周;实验组每日腹腔内加用500 U/(d·kg体重)重组人红细胞生成素(rHuEPO);对照组同样方法注射生理盐水.12周后取大鼠股骨颈行组织学及免疫组化(PECAM-1)检查.结果 模型组较实验组可见骨小梁明显稀疏、变窄、断裂、连接率降低,部分拱形结构消失,形态不规则,骨小梁分割程度下降并伴有较多破骨细胞出现,部分可见骨细胞胞核皱缩、溶解、消失.PECAM-1表达对照组最高,实验组次之,模型组最低,三组雄性大鼠PECAM-1表达差异有统计学意义(F=45.776,P＜0.01);三组雌性大鼠PECAM-1表达差异有统计学意义(F=23.850,P＜0.01).实验组较模型组VEGF高表达,三组大鼠VEGF/β-actin比值差异有统计学意义(F=7.025,P＜0.05).结论 注射EPO可以一定程度上预防激素性股骨头坏死.“,”Objective To explore the preventive effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head in rat model.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,model,EPO and control group.Rats in model and EPO groups were intramuscularly injected methyl prednisolone (20 mg/kg) twice a week for 6 weeks to induce rat model with necrosis of femoral head.Meanwhile,rats in EPO group also received daily intra-peritoneal injection of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) at 500 U/kg.Rats in control group were only injected normal saline in the same manner for 6 weeks.12 weeks later,all rats were sacrificed and femoral heads were removed for histopathological analysis (HE staining) and immunohistochemistry (PE-CAM-1) study.Results Histopathological analysis on the microstructure of trabecular bone of femoral heads in rats of model group showed that the bone trabeculae became more sparsed,narrowed,fractured and disconnected with part of arch structure disappeared,irregular structured accompanied with more broken bone cells and some bone cell dissolved or with shrinked nucleus compared with rats of EPO group.Immunohistochemical study revealed that the expression of PECAM-1 was the highest in rats of control group and the lowest in rats of model group,the difference was significant by one-way ANOVA (P＜0.01).Western blot analysis showed the expression of VEGF increased significantly in rats treated with EPO compared with rats in the other two groups (F=7.025,P＜0.05).Conclusions Injection of EPO exerts certain protective effect against steroid induced necrosis of femoral head in rats by increasing the expression of VEGF and PECAM-1.