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在物质空间的建设与规划方面,由于实践阶段不同,西方发达国家已经历了从“实践”到“理论”的研究过程。而我国目前仍然面临着从“获得理论”到“指导实践”的探索阶段。所以,通过研究相关的规划理论所对应的西方经典案例,同时着重研究这些案例形成的细节性过程和具体的操作方式,能够减少我国规划实践活动的探索周期,从而由理论学习阶段迅速深入到具体操作的阶段。在西欧国家的城市发展过程中,影响城市空间发展的因素很多。从政府决策、市民社会和公众参与等因素共同影响着城市空间的生长发育。这也是国内提到的“自上而下”结合“自下而上”的两种规划概念的源头。本期选择了巴塞罗那和英国麦肯罗斯费尔德的两个案例,试图从政府决策层面和市民参与层面来介绍影响城市空间营造机制的两个极点的运行状况。作为“上”、“下”两个极点,政府和公众只有以营造宜人的城市生活空间和维护市民的根本利益为契合点,充分调动双方的积极性,经过长期的协调与配合,才能使城市空间朝良性方向发展。
In the construction and planning of physical space, due to the different stages of practice, the western developed countries have undergone a research process from “practice” to “theory.” At present, our country still faces the exploration stage from “getting theory” to “guiding practice”. Therefore, by studying the western classical cases corresponding to the planning theory and focusing on the detailed process and the specific operation mode formed in these cases, we can reduce the exploration period of planning practice in our country, so that from the theoretical study stage to the specific The stage of operation. In the process of urban development in Western European countries, there are many factors that affect the development of urban space. From the government decision-making, civil society and public participation and other factors together affect the growth and development of urban space. This is also the source of the two planning concepts of “top-down” and “bottom-up” mentioned in the country. In this issue, we selected two cases from Barcelona and UK and McKenna Rosfield, trying to introduce the operational status of the two poles that affect the urban space-making mechanism from the perspective of government decision-making and citizen participation. As the two poles of “up” and “down”, the government and the public can only make full use of the enthusiasm of both sides only through building a pleasing urban living space and safeguarding the fundamental interests of the citizens. After long-term coordination and cooperation, can the urban space Develop in a benign direction.