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本文先简要地评述二次贮能的理由和形式,评述电感或磁体贮能的装置和发展历史,然后讨论超导磁体贮能可能得到应用的四个不同领域。能量的释放时间不同,对贮能线圈、开关或释放装置及超导体的能量损耗也提出了不同的要求。这里报导了在某一领域中2—300千焦耳贮能装置的设计和实验,还报导了一个装置的分析和规划,它可给θ箍缩受控热核实验反应堆提供250兆焦耳的等离子压缩能。应该指出,要使θ箍缩受控热核反应堆在经济上具有竞争性,需进一步研究这些电感贮能装置。最后将这些系统的贮能装置与同类或更大平衡电网的电感贮能系统相比较,比较它们的大小和费用。
This article briefly reviews the rationale and form of secondary energy storage, reviews the history of devices and development of inductive or magnetic energy storage, and then discusses four different areas where superconducting magnet energy storage may be used. Energy release time is different, the energy storage coil, switch or release device and the energy loss of superconductors also made different requirements. Here is the design and experiment of a 2-300 kJ energy storage device in a given area. It also reports the analysis and planning of a device that provides 250 megajoules of plasma compression to the Theta pinch controlled thermonuclear experimental reactor can. It should be pointed out that to make θ-pinch controlled thermonuclear reactors economically competitive, further studies of these inductive energy storage devices are needed. Finally, the energy storage devices of these systems are compared with the inductive energy storage systems of the same or larger balanced grid to compare their size and cost.