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前言本文试图总结美国施用农药方面的工程技术的研究工作,不包括飞机施药,但包括各州农业试验站和美国农业部的工作以及所知的私营企业的研究和开发工作.在美国病虫草害防治是一项发达的事业,其中农业上防治占其大部分.几乎所有的作物种植面积至少进行一次除草,玉米和棉花往往用杀虫剂处理一次或多次,大多数果树和蔬菜要施用多次杀虫剂和杀菌剂.施用农药是美国农民的一项重要开支,仅就伊里诺斯州而言,农民每年花费于施用农药的钱就超过1亿美元.由于这样大的花费,因而一致要求农药使用量不应超过作物生长的需要,而且喷到和保留在作物上的农药已经引起人们重新关心更精确地施用农药.能源费用的增加也使得地面常规施药和飞机施药人员同样关心降低喷药量.
INTRODUCTION This paper attempts to summarize the research work on engineering techniques used in pesticides in the United States, excluding aircraft spraying but including the work of state agricultural testing stations and the United States Department of Agriculture as well as the research and development of the private sector as it is known. Control is a well-developed cause, of which agricultural prevention and control account for most of it. Almost all of the crop planting area at least once weeding, corn and cotton are often treated with pesticides one or more times, most of the fruit trees and vegetables to be applied more Insecticides and bactericides.Using pesticides is an important expense for American farmers, and in the state of Illinois only, farmers spend more than $ 100 million a year on pesticide application. Consistent with such a large cost, Pesticides are expected to be used in a quantity not exceeding crop growth needs, and pesticides sprayed and retained on crops have given rise to renewed interest in the more precise application of pesticides. The increased cost of energy has also made conventional application on the ground equally relevant to aircraft personnel Reduce the amount of spray.