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目的：通过了解铁蛋白在胎盘组织中的定位及含量，探讨其在母胎铁转运中的作用。方法：采用免疫细胞化学分析的方法，对不同妊娠阶段的胎盘绒毛组织中铁蛋白的定位和分布进行了研究，并同时进行了胎盘微绒毛膜铁蛋白含量的放射免疫分析。结果：①胎盘合体细胞膜表面和基底膜上铁蛋白分布较多；②孕母患缺铁性贫血（ＩＤＡ）时胎盘组织中铁蛋白含量明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：铁蛋白可作为胎盘铁转运的重要载体，通过铁蛋白受体的介导，完成由母体经胎盘向胎儿的铁转运过程，而孕母ＩＤＡ时经胎盘的铁转运可能减少。实验还表明，随孕龄增加，胎盘微绒毛组织中铁蛋白含量增加，提示在妊娠过程中，经胎盘铁转运也是逐渐增加的。
Objective: To understand the localization and content of ferritin in placenta and to explore the role of ferritin in the transfer of maternal fetal iron. METHODS: The localization and distribution of ferritin in placental villi of different pregnancy stages were studied by immunocytochemical analysis. Radioimmunoassay of placental microvillioferritin was also performed. Results ① There was a large distribution of ferritin on the surface of the syncytiotrophoblasts and the basilar membrane of the placenta; ② The content of ferritin in the placenta was significantly decreased in the pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Ferritin can be used as an important carrier of iron transport in the placenta. Through the mediation of ferritin receptors, iron transport from the mother to the fetus through the placenta can be completed. However, iron transport through the placenta may be reduced during IDA. The experiment also showed that with the increase of gestational age, the content of ferritin in placental microvilli tissue increased, suggesting that during pregnancy, transplacental iron transport is also gradually increased.