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高中物理实验中出现的误差或错误,有的在利用图象进行数据处理时从图象直接反映出来,像验证牛顿第二定律和玻—马定律实验;有的可利用图象来分析测量值与真实值之间的偏差,像测量电源电动势和内阻的实验.对于前者,由图象分析引起误差及错误的原因;对于后者则分析偏差的正负,现分别说明如下: 1 关于验证牛顿第二定律的实验 (1)保持物体质量不变,验证加速度与外力成正比.画出的a—F图线,有如下三种形式:
Errors or errors that occur in high school physics experiments, some of which are directly reflected from the image when using images for data processing, such as verification of Newton’s second law and glass-horse law experiments; some may use images to analyze measured values. The deviation from the true value, such as the measurement of the power EMF and internal resistance of the experiment. For the former, the cause of errors and errors caused by the image analysis; for the latter the analysis of the positive and negative deviations, respectively, are described as follows: 1 on the verification The experiment of Newton’s second law (1) keeps the quality of the object unchanged, and verifies that the acceleration is proportional to the external force. The drawn a-F graph has the following three forms: