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目的分析新疆汉族、维吾尔族(简称维族)新生儿听力筛查的结果,为新疆主要民族新生儿听力筛查与干预提供依据。方法采用畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE),对2010年出生的1 521例汉、维族新生儿于出生后2～4天进行听力初筛,未通过者42天复筛,仍未通过者于3月后分别进行听性脑干反应(ABR)等综合听力学检查。结果在1 521例新生儿中,汉族为1 001例(2002耳),初筛通过902例(90.11%,902/1 001),未通过99例(9.89%,99/1 001),维族520例(1 040耳),初筛通过468例(90.00%,468/520),未通过52例(10.00%,52/520),汉、维民族新生儿初筛通过率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而早产儿和高危儿的初筛未通过率(分别为18.58%和13.25%)高于足月正常新生儿(分别为9.23%和8.45%)。复筛率25.83%(39/151),复筛通过率82.05%(32/39)。最后确诊听力损失1例,为双耳极重度聋,听力损失检出率为0.66‰。结论新疆维、汉族新生儿听力初筛通过率无明显差异,但早产儿和高危儿初筛未通过率高于正常新生儿。
Objective To analyze the results of hearing screening of neonates from Han and Uigur ethnic groups in Xinjiang and provide basis for hearing screening and intervention of newborn babies in Xinjiang ethnic groups. Methods Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were used to screen 1152 Han and Uighur newborn born in 2010 2-4 days after birth for hearing loss. Those who failed to pass the test were re-screened on day 42 and failed to pass 3 Month after the auditory brainstem response (ABR) and other comprehensive audiological examination. Results Of the 1 521 neonates, 1 001 cases (2002 ears) were Han nationality, 902 cases (90.11%, 902/1 001) were initially screened, 99 cases (9.89%, 99/1 001) There were no significant differences in the screening rate of newborns between Han and Uygur nationality in 468 cases (90.00%, 468/520) and in 52 cases (10.00%, 52/520) P> 0.05). However, the premature screening rate (18.58% and 13.25%, respectively) of premature children and high risk children was higher than that of normal newborn infants (9.23% and 8.45% respectively). The rate of re-screening was 25.83% (39/151) and the rate of re-screening was 82.05% (32/39). The final diagnosis of hearing loss in 1 case, extremely severe hearing loss for both ears, the hearing loss rate was 0.66 ‰. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the hearing screening rate of newborn infants in Xinjiang and Han nationality, but the rate of failed screening in premature infants and high risk infants was higher than that in normal newborns.