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早春季节,春寒料峭,气候多变,婴幼儿容易患上呼吸道感染。炎症往往沿气管、支气管向下蔓延至肺部而发生肺炎。平素体弱,尤其是患佝偻病、营养不良的婴幼儿更容易得肺炎。小儿患呼吸道传染病如麻疹、百日咳等,也常常合并肺炎。患儿一般先有发热、咳嗽等呼吸道感染症状,如果发热持续不退,咳嗽愈来愈剧烈,就可能变为肺炎。随着肺部炎症扩展,患儿会出现呼吸急促、鼻翼扁动和鼻唇区青紫,胸部出现“三凹征”(即胸骨上窝、肋间隙和“心窝”
In the early spring season, the spring is steep and the weather is changing. Infants and young children are prone to have respiratory infections. Inflammation is often spread along the trachea, bronchi down to the lungs and pneumonia. Usually frail, especially with rickets, malnutrition infants and children more easily get pneumonia. Children suffering from respiratory diseases such as measles, whooping cough, etc., are often complicated by pneumonia. Children generally have the first fever, cough and other respiratory tract infection symptoms, if the fever persists, the cough more and more violent, it may become pneumonia. With the expansion of the lung inflammation, children will appear shortness of breath, flat nose and nose and nose lip area bruises, chest appeared “three concave sign” (ie, suprasternal fossa, intercostal space and “heart”