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黑粒小麦因其具有特殊的营养价值而倍受人们青睐。我国近年来已育成和引入了一批黑粒小麦品种 (系 )和资源 ,它们的黑粒基因来源和色素分布部位不同。本研究利用 ISTA颁布的 A- PAGE标准程序分析了来源不同的 9份黑粒小麦亲本及其 1 3份后代材料的醇溶蛋白指纹图谱。结果表明 ,9份黑粒小麦亲本材料分离出 40条相对迁移率不同的谱带 ,其中 8条为共同带 ,每个亲本均有各自独特的谱带组合。采用“0～ 1”系统记录谱带 ,计算亲本间遗传距离 ,平均值为 0 .34,范围为 0 .1 0～ 0 .48。来自加拿大的京 1 1 70 5和 MY2 4 33的遗传距离为 0 .1 0 ,具有最大的遗传相似性。我国育成的漯珍 1号、乌麦 5 2 6和黑小麦 76号三者间的遗传距离在 0 .33以上。利用非加全成对算术平均法 ( UPGMA)作聚类分析 ,在 0 .34水平上可聚为 3类 ,其中漯珍 1号自成一类。黑粒小麦和白粒小麦杂种后代个体的醇溶蛋白呈共显性遗传 ,但白粒亲本北农 6号的一条带在 F1没有出现。醇溶蛋白指纹图谱的相似程度能反映出品种间的亲缘关系 ,不失为黑粒小麦育种亲本选配的一个重要依据。
Black grain wheat is favored by people because of its special nutritional value. In recent years, China has bred and introduced a number of black grain wheat varieties (lines) and resources. Their black grain gene sources and pigment distribution sites are different. In this study, the prolamin fingerprinting of 9 black maize parents and 13 progenies from different sources were analyzed using the standard A-PAGE program issued by ISTA. The results showed that 40 bands with different relative mobility were isolated from 9 black maize parents, of which 8 belonged to the common band, and each had its own unique band combination. Using the “0 ~ 1” system to record the bands, the genetic distance between parents was calculated, with an average of 0.34 and a range of 0 .1 ~ 0 .48. Jing 1 1 70 5 and MY 2 4 33 from Canada had a genetic distance of 0.10 and had the greatest genetic similarity. China bred Luozhen 1, Wu Mai 5 2 6 and black wheat 76 genetic distance between the three in more than 0.33. The clustering analysis using UPGMA method can be clustered into three types at 0.34 level, among which Luozhen 1 is self-contained. The gliadin of black grain wheat and white grain wheat hybrid progeny was co-dominant, but a band of white pearl cultivar Beinong No.6 did not appear in F1. The similar degree of gliadin fingerprinting can reflect the genetic relationship among cultivars, which is an important basis for selection of the parents of black wheat breeding.