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研究与发展的国际化是冷战结束后国际发展的又一重要趋势,各国政府及私人企业为此纷纷重新考虑各自的研究发展战略。中国亦应及早制定对策,加入到研发国际化的潮流之中,以便让中国的科技研究与开发活动早日进入世界先进行列。 科技研发国际化的现状与特点 科技研发国际化发展趋势主要表现在个人、政府以及企业这三个层次上。在单个研究者的层次上,跨国合作是主要发展趋势,1973年在世界所有发表的研究论文中,不到4％是由来自不同国家的研究者合作完成的,到1990年这个百分比已上升到10％以上,1989年在数学、物理、化学三个领域中,国际合作发表的论文占发表论文总数的百分比分别为9％、7.8％及4.3％,仅隔一年的1991年,这些百分比就猛增到16.5％、12％及7.5％。随着通讯技术的不断改善,全球信息通讯网络的不断扩大,各国学者之间的国际合作还将进一步增强。
The internationalization of research and development is another important trend of international development after the end of the Cold War. Governments and private enterprises all have to reconsider their respective research and development strategies. China should also formulate measures as soon as possible to join the international trend of research and development in order to allow China's scientific and technological research and development activities to enter the world's advanced ranks as soon as possible. Status and Characteristics of Internationalization of Scientific and Technological Research and Development The trend of internationalization of scientific and technological research and development is mainly manifested on the three levels of individuals, governments and enterprises. At the individual researcher level, transnational cooperation is a major development trend. In 1973, less than 4% of all the published research papers in the world were completed by researchers from different countries. By 1990, this percentage had risen to More than 10%. In 1989, in mathematics, physics and chemistry, the percentage of papers published in international cooperation in the total number of published papers was 9%, 7.8% and 4.3% respectively. In 1991, these percentages Soared to 16.5%, 12% and 7.5%. With the continuous improvement of communication technology and the continuous expansion of the global information and communication network, international cooperation among scholars from various countries will be further strengthened.