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油菜是关系人民生活的主要油料作物之一.研究高产油菜的节水灌溉是一项重要课题。本文拟用陕西省宝鸡峡灌溉试验站1981—1985年的试验资料对高产油菜的需水量及其节水灌溉的问题作一探讨.(一)概况试验地设在扶风小寨,土壤质地为壤土,属中上肥力,地下水埋深约为10米。年平均气温13℃,年最低气温在-10℃左右。油菜生长期多年平均大于3℃的有效积温为2280℃,蒸发量为660mm,降水量为334mm.12月中旬至翌年4月5日降水量仅53mm,远不能满足油菜生长的需要,需进行灌溉。试验年油菜生长期降水为241.1～548mm.
Rape is one of the main oil crops that affect the life of the people.Research on water-saving irrigation of high-yield rapeseed is an important issue. This paper intends to use the experimental data from 1981 to 1985 in Baoji Gorge Irrigation Experimental Station in Shaanxi Province to discuss the water requirement of high yield rapeseed and its water-saving irrigation.First, the experiment is located in Fufeng Xiaozhai, the soil texture is loam , Is in the fertilizer, groundwater depth of about 10 meters. The annual average temperature is 13 ℃, the annual minimum temperature is about -10 ℃. The effective accumulative temperature of rapeseed growing more than 3 ℃ for many years is 2280 ℃, the evaporation is 660mm and the precipitation is 334mm. The rainfall of 53mm between April and May next year is far from meeting the need of rape growth and irrigation . The raining period of rape during the experiment was 241.1 ~ 548mm.