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目的通过对出生缺陷发生情况、类型分析,及时掌握北京市大兴区近10年来出生缺陷发生趋势,探寻降低该地区出生缺陷发生的干预措施,为今后的预防、控制工作提供科学依据。方法以医院为基础,对2001年-2010年在大兴区出生的围产儿进行出生缺陷监测,并用分类变量的统计描述与推断方法进行分析。结果 “十五”期间出生缺陷发生率9.78‰与“十一五”期间出生缺陷发生率19.85‰差异有统计学意义,且两个五年出生缺陷顺位有所改变,“十五”期间出生缺陷前三位的顺位:为肢体畸形、神经管畸形、总唇腭裂;“十一五”期间出生缺陷前三位的顺位为:先心病、肢体畸形、总唇腭裂。结论依托妇幼保健三级网络,加强三级预防措施,提高产前筛查覆盖率以及产前诊断技术水平,是目前降低出生缺陷发生率的有效手段。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the occurrence and type of birth defects in order to grasp the trend of birth defects in Daxing District in Beijing in the recent 10 years and explore the intervention measures to reduce the birth defects in this area so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control in the future. Methods Based on the hospital, we monitored birth defects in perinatal infants born in Daxing district from 2001 to 2010 and analyzed them with statistical description and inference method of categorical variables. Results The incidence of birth defects during the “fifteen” period was 9.78 ‰ and the incidence of birth defects was 19.85 ‰ during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, and there was a significant difference between the two birth defects and the five- Fifteen “during the birth defects in the first three places: limb deformity, neural tube defects, total cleft lip and palate; ” Eleventh Five-Year "during the birth defects of the top three: congenital heart disease, limb deformity, Total cleft lip and palate. Conclusions Relying on the three-level network of maternal and child health care, it is an effective way to reduce the incidence of birth defects by strengthening tertiary prevention measures, increasing prenatal screening coverage and prenatal diagnosis techniques.