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MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类长度大约为22个核苷酸的非编码单链RNA小分子,调节基因表达和转录。从1993年发现首个miRNA起,它的功能特征和作用模式引起了几乎所有生物和生化领域学者的关注。miRNA参与细胞增殖、分化、转移、凋亡等多种不同的进程。miRNA通过缺失、增殖、基因沉默、突变、作用于不同的转录因子等多种复杂机制在肿瘤的发生发展中扮演着至关重要
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules about 22 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression and transcription. Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, its functional characteristics and mode of action have attracted the attention of almost all biologists and biochemists. MiRNAs are involved in many different processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, metastasis and apoptosis. MiRNAs play a crucial role in tumorigenesis through a variety of complex mechanisms such as deletion, proliferation, gene silencing, mutation, and different transcription factors