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广义的流行病学是研究疾病的流行史,即研究疾病在不同时间、地点和人群中发生的频率及影响发生频率的条件;换言之,即研究疾病的分布特征,探索其流行规律——寻找各种特征的内在联系,从而制订防治措施,达到控制直至最终消灭疾病流行的目的。理论流行病学用数学模型反映流行规律,即用各种符号代表有关病因、机体、环境各种因素,用数学式表达不同时期的疾病分布与各项因素之间内在的数量上的关系。近年来,理论流行病学的研究得到了广泛的发展,己经用于沙眼、病毒性肝炎、伤寒、霍乱、流脑、白喉、百日咳、结核、破伤风、疟疾、血吸虫病、丝虫病、姜片虫病等,此外,也用于非传染性疾病如肿瘤病因的研究等等。
Generalized epidemiology is to study the epidemiological history of diseases, that is, to study the frequency of disease occurring at different times, places and populations and the conditions that affect the frequency of occurrence; in other words, to study the distribution characteristics of diseases and to explore their prevailing laws - So as to formulate prevention and control measures so as to achieve the purpose of controlling and eventually eliminating the epidemic. Theoretical epidemiology reflects the epidemic law with mathematical models, that is, using various symbols to represent various factors related to etiology, organism and environment, and formulating the inherent quantitative relationship between the distribution of diseases and various factors by mathematical expressions. In recent years, theoretical epidemiological studies have been widely developed and have been used in trachoma, viral hepatitis, typhoid fever, cholera, meningitis, diphtheria, whooping cough, tuberculosis, tetanus, malaria, schistosomiasis, filariasis, Ginger worm disease, etc., in addition, also used for non-communicable diseases such as cancer etiology and so on.