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采用分析超离心、凝胶电泳和凝胶渗透层折等方法对三个糖蛋白（人免疫缺陷病毒１包膜糖蛋白ｒｇｐ１２０ⅢＢ和Ｓｉｎｄｂｉｓ病毒包膜糖蛋白Ｅ＿１、Ｅ＿２）的分子量测定进行了比较研究。测得ｒｇｐ１２０ⅢＢ分子量分别为１０４×１０￣３、１２０×１０￣３和２６×１０￣３ｕ；Ｅ＿１的分子量分别为５２×１０￣３、５８×１０￣３和１２０×１０￣３ｕ；Ｅ＿２的分子量分别为５０×１０￣３、５２×１０￣３和９８×１０￣３ｕ。结果表明，用已知分子量的球蛋白作标准，采用凝胶电泳或凝胶渗透层折方法测定溶液中糖蛋白分子量有一定局限性，特别是渗透层析，其结果往往是错误的。多糖的分子量很难用电泳和层析方法测定，用分析超离心方法对获芬多糖和木瓜多糖的分子量进行了测定，其结果与用粘度法测定的分子量一致。
The molecular weight determination of three glycoproteins (human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope glycoprotein rgp120ⅢB and Sindbis virus glycoproteins E_1, E_2) was performed by means of analytical ultracentrifugation, gel electrophoresis and gel permeation layer folding . The molecular weights of rgp120ⅢB were 104 × 10-3,120 × 10-3 and 26 × 10-3u respectively. The molecular weights of E_1 were 52 × 10-3,88 × 10-3 and 120 × 10-3u, respectively. The molecular weights of E_2 Respectively 50 × 10 ~ 3, 52 × 10 ~ 3 and 98 × 10 ~ 3u. The results showed that the determination of the molecular weight of glycoproteins in solution by gel electrophoresis or gel permeation layer chromatography has some limitations with globular protein of known molecular weight, especially the infiltration chromatography, the result is often wrong. The molecular weight of polysaccharides is hard to be determined by electrophoresis and chromatography. The molecular weights of the polysaccharides of the polysaccharides and papaya polysaccharides were determined by the analytical ultracentrifugation method. The results were consistent with those determined by the viscosity method.