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目的了解西部地区高中生结核病防治知识态度行为现状,为开展健康教育和结核病防治工作提供依据。方法在四川、贵州、云南3省的11所学校共随机整群抽取857名高二学生,对其进行结核病防治知识信念行为现状调查。结果高中生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为61.3%,知识得分合格率为63.8%,四川的学生知识得分合格率较高(OR=3.398,95%CI=2.125~5.432)。受调查者结核病防治态度总体正答率为91.04%,23.9%的学生对结核存在消极态度,来自四川(与云南相比,OR=2.613,95%CI=1.523~4.482)和贵州(与云南相比,OR=3.378,95%CI=2.000~5.707)、家人无结核病史(OR=4.512,95%CI=1.010~20.167)的学生消极态度比例较高。98.2%的学生愿意了解有关知识,97.5%愿意参加宣传活动。受调查者结核病防治行为总正确率为31.9%,曾主动了解和向别人讲过结核病知识的学生分别占27.7%和29.3%;学生知识得分合格的学生曾主动讲过知识的比例更高(χ2=25.798,P<0.01)。学生获得结核病知识的途径排名前三为电视(66.9%)、报刊杂志(61.3%)和口口相传(57.2%)。结论西部地区高中学生结核病防治知识总知晓率较低,对结核病防治态度积极但行为消极,学校结核病健康教育薄弱。应重点加强学校健康教育工作,并纳入社会宣传渠道,开展形式多样的教育活动。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge, attitude and behavior of TB prevention and control among high school students in the western region and provide the basis for health education and tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods A total of 857 sophomore students were randomly enrolled in 11 schools in three provinces of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces to investigate the status quo of knowledge and belief in tuberculosis prevention and control. Results The total knowledge rate of TB prevention and control in high school was 61.3%. The pass rate of knowledge score was 63.8%. The pass rate of knowledge score of students in Sichuan was higher (OR = 3.398, 95% CI = 2.125-5.432). Overall respondents rate of TB control was 91.04%. 23.9% of the students had negative attitude to TB from Sichuan (compared with Yunnan, OR = 2.613, 95% CI = 1.523-4.482) and Guizhou (compared with Yunnan , OR = 3.378, 95% CI = 2.000 ~ 5.707). There was a high proportion of negative attitude toward family members with no history of tuberculosis (OR = 4.512, 95% CI = 1.010 ~ 20.167) 98.2% of students are willing to understand the relevant knowledge, 97.5% are willing to participate in publicity activities. The total positive rate of TB prevention and control behavior among respondents was 31.9%, 27.7% and 29.3% respectively of those who had actively learned and told others about tuberculosis knowledge, and those who passed the knowledge level were more likely to have knowledge (χ2 = 25.798, P <0.01). The top three channels for students to get TB knowledge were television (66.9%), newspapers and magazines (61.3%) and word of mouth (57.2%). Conclusions The TB awareness among TB students in the western region is low, and their positive and negative attitudes toward the prevention and treatment of TB are negligent. Health education for tuberculosis in schools is weak. Should focus on strengthening the health education in schools, and into social channels of publicity, carry out a wide range of educational activities.