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锈菌广泛分布在各类森林植物群落之中,不少锈菌能引起森林病害,有的甚至是难以防治的毁灭性病害,如五针松疱锈病(Cronartium ribicola Fischer)等。每种锈菌的产生,发展成灾害都以一定的生态环境为条件,从大范围来看,它的发生、发展都有一定的地理区域的规律性。为了预防森林锈病的发生,需要研究锈菌的区域类型,找出锈菌、寄主植物和生态环境之间的联系,即锈菌区系。植物地理学是研究锈菌区系的基础,因为所有的锈菌目(Uredinales)都是专性寄生菌,在石炭纪蕨类植物上已寄生有锈菌,地质历史上锈菌就与有花植物有着密切的关系,近代的锈菌是长期适应寄主不断进化的结果。锈菌不同于其他真菌,它的生活史中产生一定顺序、多种形式的孢子,并选择固定植
Rust bacteria are widely distributed in various forest plant communities, many rust can cause forest diseases, and some even difficult to control the devastating diseases, such as the five pin pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola Fischer) and so on. The occurrence and development of each rust species are all conditioned by a certain ecological environment. From a wide range of perspectives, the occurrence and development of each rust species have a certain regularity of the geographical region. In order to prevent the occurrence of forest rust, it is necessary to study the type of the rusty area and find out the relationship between the rusty plant, the host plant and the ecological environment, that is, the rusty fauna. Phytogeography is the basis for the study of the rusty fauna because all of the Uredinales are obligate parasites that have parasitic rust on ferns in the Carboniferous, Plant has a close relationship, the modern rust is the long-term adapt to the host evolving results. Rust fungus is different from other fungi, it produces a certain order of life history, various forms of spores, and choose fixed plant