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在沈阳市3个大气污染程度不同的区,调查居民呼吸道疾病患病率和就诊比重,统计死亡率,用Epilog软件包进行多因素分析,研究大气污染对呼吸道疾病的影响。结果表明,大气污染使呼吸道症状和疾病患病率、死亡率、就诊比重增加。着重分析了慢性阻塞性肺病,该病对慢性支气管炎的影响最明显,尤其是对40岁以上的人群。因此认为中老年人慢支患病率可作为评价大气污染的敏感指标。从分层分析看出,慢支患病率单纯大气污染比清洁对照高2～9倍,同时受大气污染、吸烟和烧煤3个因素危害,则比清洁对照区高7～20倍,说明慢支病因的多元性和多病因协同性,建议采取综合性措施预防慢支。研究慢支要注意排除混杂因素。
In the three districts with different levels of air pollution in Shenyang, residents were surveyed for the prevalence of respiratory diseases, the proportion of visits and the statistical mortality rate. Epilog software package was used for multivariate analysis to study the influence of air pollution on respiratory diseases. The results showed that air pollution increased respiratory symptoms and morbidity, mortality and treatment. Focus on the analysis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the disease the most obvious impact on chronic bronchitis, especially for people over the age of 40. So that the prevalence of chronic bronchitis in the elderly can be used as a sensitive indicator of air pollution assessment. From the stratified analysis, it can be seen that the prevalence of chronic bronchitis is 2 to 9 times higher than that of the clean control, while the risk of air pollution, smoking and burning coal is 7 to 20 times higher than that of the clean control area Chronic bronchitis causes diversity and multi-cause synergy, it is recommended to take comprehensive measures to prevent chronic bronchitis. Study slow branch should pay attention to eliminate confounding factors.