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目的:通过对距今2000年前的秦人颌骨进行测量,为中国人的体质人类学积累资料。方法:采用游标万能角度尺及数显游标卡尺对距今2000多年的秦代成人颌骨进行测量。上颌骨20个,下颌骨86个,年龄15～45岁。测量结果进行统计学分析。结果:秦人的上齿槽弓宽、腭长、下颌体高Ⅰ、下颌体厚Ⅰ、颏孔高、下颌角和下颌体长均小于新石器时期人,下颌骨左右对称,青年期和壮年期的下颌骨除了下颌体高随年龄增大外,其他各项均不随年龄变化。结论:研究得到的结果,可对颌骨的演化提供一定的参考。
Objective: To accumulate data for Chinese physique anthropology by measuring the mandible of Qin people dating back 2,000 years ago. Methods: The mandibles of Qin adults from 2000 years ago were measured by the universal cursors and digital vernier calipers. 20 maxilla, 86 mandible, aged 15 to 45 years old. Measurement results for statistical analysis. Results: The width of the upper alveolar bone, the length of the palate, the height of mandibular body Ⅰ, the thickness of mandibular body Ⅰ, the height of mental foramen, mandibular angle and mandibular body length were all smaller than those of Neolithic period, symmetry of mandible, adolescence and malescence The mandible in addition to the lower jaw body height increases with age, the other does not change with age. Conclusion: The results of the study can provide some reference to the evolution of the jaw bone.