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马克思主义自称是一种人道主义。然而,从一开始它就不同于任何种类的哲学人类学,哲学人类学把人的统一性或所有人的统一性置于社会差别之上。因而,马克思主义者认为,人道主义在历史舞台前台的每一次出现——作为一种理论、一种思潮或一种意识形态,都与既存社会的危机相关。例如,基督教人道主义出现在奴隶制度正在崩溃的时期,资产阶级人道主义出现于封建主义发生危机之际;同样,资本主义社会矛盾的发展以及人们对其历史暂时性的认识促成了马克思主义的即无产阶级的人道主义。
Marxism claims to be a kind of humanitarianism. However, from the very beginning it differed from any kind of philosophical anthropology, where philosophical anthropology places the unity of man or the unity of all over social differences. Thus, Marxists believe that every appearance of humanitarianism in the foreground of the historical stage - as a theory, as a trend of thought or as an ideology, is related to the crisis of an existing society. For example, Christian humanism appeared during the period when the slave system was in a state of collapse and the bourgeois humanism appeared in the crisis of feudalism. Similarly, the development of the contradictions in capitalist society and the people's temporary understanding of their history contributed to the Marxist Proletarian humanism.