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消费产品系指在家庭及其周围、学校、娱乐等场所供个人生活使用、并在商业中销售的各种产品。这是一类种类繁多、包罗万象的人们日常生活用品,也是人群接触最广、接触机会最多的产品。因此,如何确保其使用安全、防止对消费者产生危害,是卫生学家、毒理学家、法律学家、政策制订者以及各有关专家面临的一个重大问题。世界上一些发达国家已经制订了相应法规,积累了丰富的管理经验。本文将从保护公众健康和安全角度简要介绍美国对消费品的管理。
Consumer products refer to various products that are used for personal use in homes and in the surrounding areas, schools and entertainment venues and are marketed in commerce. This is a wide range of all-encompassing products for people’s daily lives and also the most widely exposed and accessible opportunity for the population. Therefore, how to ensure the safety of their use and prevent the harm to consumers is a major issue faced by hygienists, toxicologists, legal experts, policymakers and relevant experts. Some developed countries in the world have formulated relevant laws and regulations and accumulated rich management experience. This article gives a brief overview of U.S. consumer product management from a public health and safety perspective.