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为提高楸树遗传资源的利用效率,本研究对从楸树基因库中选出的53个无性系进行地径、苗高、节间距等12个性状指标进行了遗传多样性分析。研究结果表明,53个楸树无性系间地径、苗高的差异极显著,遗传变异系数分别为18.53%、16.29%,遗传多样性指数分别为1.84、1.79。地径、苗高与叶长、叶柄长、叶片总数、叶面积、皮孔密度呈现极显著的正相关,且叶长、叶柄长、叶片总数、叶面积、皮孔密度的遗传变异系数分别为8.57%、17.74%、18.56%、24.21%和26.91%,遗传多样性指数(Shannon-Weaver)分别为1.91、1.87、1.80、1.80和1.94,具较大变异且受强遗传控制,多样性丰富且分布均匀。来源不同的种质资源差别较大,其中来源于河南地区的种质生长指标最优,来源于山东地区的种质变异系数最高。聚类分析将53个无性系分为5大类,第I类的地径、苗高、叶片总数、皮孔密度均值最高,第Ⅱ类生长最差,第Ⅲ类的节间距、叶长、叶宽、叶柄长、叶面积、叶周长均值最高,第IV类和第V类的叶绿素含量和比叶重均值分别最高。
In order to improve the utilization efficiency of Catalpa bungei resources, genetic diversity of 12 clones selected from Catalpa bungeana, such as root diameter, seedling height and pitch, was analyzed in 53 clones. The results showed that there were significant differences in diameter and seedling height between 53 Catalpa bungei clones, with genetic variation coefficients of 18.53% and 16.29%, respectively, and genetic diversity indices of 1.84 and 1.79 respectively. There were extremely significant positive correlations between diameter, leaf height and leaf length, petiole length, total number of leaves, leaf area and leather density. The coefficient of variation of leaf length, petiole length, total number of leaves, leaf area and leather density were 8.57%, 17.74%, 18.56%, 24.21% and 26.91% respectively. The Shannon-Weaver indexes were 1.91, 1.87, 1.80, 1.80 and 1.94, evenly distributed. Germplasm resources of different origins are quite different, of which the germplasm growth index from Henan is the best, and the germplasm variation coefficient from Shandong is the highest. Cluster analysis divided the 53 clones into five major groups. The average diameter, seedling height, total leaf number and skin density of the first group were the highest, the second group was the worst, the third group was the pitch, leaf length, Leaf width, petiole length, leaf area and leaf circumference were the highest, and the chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight were the highest in Group IV and Group V, respectively.