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为了评价11.1%吡虫啉缓释片剂对西瓜蚜虫的防治效果和安全性,于2012—2013年通过田间试验于西瓜移栽时施药,研究了11.1%吡虫啉缓释片剂对西瓜蚜虫的防治效果,及其在瓜秧、果实和土壤中的残留量。结果表明:西瓜苗移栽时将11.1%吡虫啉缓释片剂(吡虫啉有效成分0.08 g/株)施入其根部下方,施药后42 d对西瓜蚜虫的防治效果为83.3%,基本可满足全生育期防治的需要。2012和2013年,11.1%吡虫啉缓释片剂在西瓜采收期(药后/移栽后60 d)的累积释放率分别为15%和32%。与吡虫啉原药处理相比,片剂中的吡虫啉在土壤中的迁移范围较小,药后30 d,施药点下方10 cm外、水平方向6 cm外的吡虫啉残留量低于0.2 mg/kg。此外,施药点下方2~4 cm处、水平方向2~4 cm处土壤中吡虫啉的残留动态基本呈单峰曲线变化,峰值均出现在药后30 d,分别为1.91和0.10 mg/kg;药后120 d分别为0.17和0.03 mg/kg。基部瓜秧中(2012年:0~30 cm;2013年:1~3节)吡虫啉的含量于药后14 d检出,其余时期均未检出;2年试验中,西瓜果实中的吡虫啉残留量均低于最低检测浓度(LOQ)0.05 mg/kg,也低于食品法典委员会(CAC)规定的西瓜中最大残留限量(MRL)0.2 mg/kg。
In order to evaluate the control efficacy and safety of 11.1% imidacloprid sustained-release tablets against watermelon aphids, the control effect of 11.1% imidacloprid sustained-release tablets on watermelon aphids was studied in the field experiment during 2012-2013 transplanting watermelon , And their residues in melons, fruits and soil. The results showed that 11.1% imidacloprid sustained-release tablets (0.08 g / plant) of imidacloprid were applied to the roots below the roots when transplanting watermelon seedlings, and the control effect on watermelon aphids was 83.3% after 42 d Needing to control the growth period. The cumulative release rates of 11.1% imidacloprid sustained-release tablets in 2012 and 2013 were 15% and 32%, respectively, in the watermelon harvest period (60 days after drug / transplanting). Compared with the original imidacloprid treatment, the imidacloprid migration in the soil was less than that of imidacloprid. The residue of imidacloprid in the soil was less than 0.2 mg / kg 30 d after the drug application, 10 cm below the drug application point and 6 cm horizontally. . In addition, the residue dynamics of imidacloprid in soil at 2 ~ 4 cm below and 2 ~ 4 cm in horizontal direction showed a single peak curve. The peaks appeared at 30 days after treatment, which were 1.91 and 0.10 mg / kg, respectively. 120 d after drug were 0.17 and 0.03 mg / kg. The contents of imidacloprid in the base melon seedling (2012: 0 ~ 30 cm; 2013: 1 ~ 3) were detected on the 14th day after the drug treatment and were not detected in the rest of the days. The residues of imidacloprid in watermelon fruits Were below the LOQ of 0.05 mg / kg and below the MRL of 0.2 mg / kg as defined in the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC).