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目的比较水蛭超细粉与水煎液的活血化瘀作用强度。方法采用小鼠出血时间测定法、大鼠冰水-肾上腺素血瘀模型,比较水蛭超细粉、水煎液口服给药后的作用强度;采用急性毒性试验对其安全性进行初步比较考察。结果与正常对照组比较,超细粉高、低剂量(0.9 g生药/kg、0.45 g生药/kg)及水煎液高剂量(0.9 g生药/kg)可明显延长小鼠出血时间(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组比较,超细粉高、低剂量及水煎液高剂量(0.6g生药/kg)可明显缩短血栓长度(P<0.05或P<0.01),超细粉与水煎液高剂量(0.6 g生药/kg)均能减轻血栓的重量(P<0.05),超细粉高剂量组(0.6 g生药/kg)FIB含量显著减少(P<0.05);小鼠口服水蛭超细粉MTD为19.2 g生药/kg,水蛭水煎液LD50为19.9 g生药/kg。结论水蛭经超细粉碎后,在延长小鼠出血时间、抑制模型大鼠静脉血栓形成,减轻静脉血栓重量等活血化瘀方面作用稍好于传统水煎液,在活血化瘀方面,细粉可替代水煎液,且携带方便。毒性相对减小。
Objective To compare the strength of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis of leech superfine powder and decoction. Methods The method of bleeding time in mice was used to analyze the effect of ice water-adrenaline blood stasis model on the blood stasis of rats. The strength of oral administration of leech superfine powder and decoction was compared. The acute toxicity test was used to compare the safety. Results Compared with the normal control group, the bleeding time of mice was significantly prolonged (P <0.01) by using high and low doses of ultrafine powder (0.9 g crude drug / kg, 0.45 g crude drug / kg) and decoction of 0.9 g crude drug / 0.05 or P <0.01). Compared with the model group, the high dose (0.6g crude drug / kg) of ultrafine powder high dose, low dose and decoction could shorten the thrombus length (P <0.05 or P <0.01) (0.6 g crude drug / kg) could reduce the weight of thrombus (P <0.05), and the FIB content of high dose ultrafine powder group (0.6 g crude drug / kg) Oral leech superfine powder MTD was 19.2 g crude drug / kg, leech decoction LD50 19.9 g crude drug / kg. Conclusions After the leeches were ultrafinely pulverized, the effect of prolonging bleeding time, inhibiting venous thrombosis in model rats and reducing the weight of venous thrombus was slightly better than that of traditional decoction. In terms of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, Instead of decoction, and easy to carry. Relatively reduced toxicity.