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目的:探讨影响高原地区原发性高血压住院患者红细胞分布宽度的主要因素。方法:按照RDW值将114例原发性高血压住院患者纳入研究,收集患者一般资料及血细胞参数,按RDW值分为低RDW组(RDW<14.0,n=69)和高RDW组(RDW≥14.0,n=45),利用SPSS软件分析两组患者高血压分级、平均收缩压/舒张压、各血细胞参数、民族、居住地海拔等资料的差异性及其与RDW值的相关性。结果:高RDW组高血压住院患者生活在海拔3 000m及以上地区的数量显著多于低RDW组(χ~2=7.716,P<0.01)。两组之间患者的年龄、性别、民族、高血压分级、平均收缩压/舒张压均无显著性差异。与低RDW组相比,高RDW组患者红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白量(HB)、红细胞压积(HCT)显著升高,平均红细胞体积(MCV)和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)及浓度(MCHC)显著降低(P<0.01)。相关分析表明高血压患者RDW值与RBC、HCT、MCH显著相关。结论:影响高原地区原发性高血压住院患者RDW值的主要因素是RBC、HCT及MCH,与高血压分级程度、居住地海拔没有直接相关关系。
Objective: To explore the main factors influencing the distribution width of erythrocytes in hospitalized patients with essential hypertension in the plateau area. Methods: According to the RDW value, 114 patients with essential hypertension were included in the study. General data and blood cell parameters were collected and divided into low RDW group (RDW <14.0, n = 69) and RDW group 14.0, n = 45). SPSS software was used to analyze the differences of hypertension grading, mean systolic blood pressure / diastolic blood pressure, blood cell parameters, ethnicity, residential elevation and other data with RDW values. Results: In the high RDW group, the number of hospitalized hypertensive patients was significantly higher than that in the low RDW group (χ ~ 2 = 7.716, P <0.01) at 3 000 m altitude and above. There was no significant difference in the age, gender, ethnicity, grade of hypertension, mean systolic blood pressure / diastolic blood pressure between the two groups. Compared with low RDW group, RBC, HB and HCT were significantly increased in patients with high RDW, mean MCV, MCH, MCHC) was significantly lower (P <0.01). Correlation analysis showed that RDW in patients with hypertension was significantly associated with RBC, HCT and MCH. Conclusion: The main factors influencing the RDW of patients with essential hypertension in the plateau are RBC, HCT and MCH, which are not directly related to the grading of hypertension and the elevation of residence.