棉花良种繁育方法的商榷

• 作 者: 余传斌
• 出 处: 中国农业科学
• 发表日期: 1962年08期
• 关键词: 棉花良种繁育 生物学混杂 自然杂交 自花授粉作物 品种内杂交 机械混杂 异交 衣分率 混系 混杂退化

棉花为常异交作物,自然杂交率常在5%以上,容易因不同品种或类型間的自然杂交造成生物学混杂。同时棉花因常异交原因,其遺传基础复杂,因此品种的某些优良特性在遺传組織上是质结合,并不固定,后代常有分离現象。而且在不良的栽培条件下,棉花品种的优良經济性状,容易发生劣变,形成退化类型。棉花又是多次收获作物,从收花到留种的中間过程也比較繁复;同时因棉籽是副产品,往往重視不够,也极易引起机械混杂。因而比其他自花授粉作物

Cotton is often outcrossing crops, the rate of natural hybrids often more than 5%, easily due to different varieties or types of natural hybrid between the biological mixture. At the same time because of the often outcrossing cotton reasons, its genetic basis is complex, so some of the fine traits in the genetic organization is a combination of quality, not fixed, offspring often separate phenomenon. And in poor cultivation conditions, the fine economic traits of cotton varieties prone to deterioration, the formation of degradation types. The cotton is harvested several times, and the process from harvesting to remaining is more complicated. At the same time, because cottonseed is a by-product, it often fails to pay enough attention and can easily cause mechanical confusion. Thus more than other self-pollinating crops