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王国维的中西化合思想建立在对中国传统思想文化的深刻认知之上,而其偏于美学、爱好文学的气质特性,正与富有艺术气质的庄子有着特殊的契合因缘。庄子不满当世,与造物者游,主张审美的超越性,追求自然、素朴的人生和文艺境界;王国维则以《庄子》一书的思想为基石,参酌康德、叔本华的相关思想,提倡纯文学的观念,在审美上同样推崇自然与忠实。在具体的审美观念上,王国维“无我之境”的诗学理想,可溯至《庄子》“无用之用”之说。在晚清剧烈的思想变革中,《庄子》一书再次以其强大的涵摄力,在中西思想的化合中产生着重大的作用,王国维的文艺观便是其中突出之例。
Wang Guowei’s idea of combining Chinese and Western medicine was based on a profound cognition of Chinese traditional ideology and culture. However, his devotion to the temperament characteristics of aesthetics and hobby literature is in line with the unique artistic conception of Zhuang Zi. Zhuangzi is dissatisfied with the worldly life, travels with creatures, advocates aesthetic transcendence, and pursues natural and naive life and the realm of literature and art. Wang Guowei takes the thought of Zhuangzi as the cornerstone and refers to the related thoughts of Kant and Schopenhauer, advocating The concept of pure literature, in the aesthetic also respected nature and loyalty. On the specific aesthetic conception, Wang Guowei’s poetic ideal of “without me” can be traced back to “Zhuangzi” and “useless”. In the drastic changes of thoughts in late Qing Dynasty, Zhuangzi once again played a significant role in the combination of Chinese and Western thoughts with its strong culinary power. Wang Guowei’s view of literature and art was one of the outstanding examples.