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空间交会对接技术问世至今已有50年历史,在这半个世纪期间交会对接已经从探索、研究、实验阶段逐步走向成熟和应用阶段。现在交会对接已经变成一件日常例行的空间操作。但是过去和现在交会对接技术复杂,重量和功耗巨大,只能在大、中型航天器实现。例如:上世纪70~80年代,苏联“和平”号空间站和“联盟”号飞船仅交会对接机构和有关交会对接设备的重量都在2吨~3吨以上。如
Space rendezvous and docking technology has been in existence for 50 years now. During this half century, rendezvous and docking has gradually gone from exploration, research and experiment to maturity and application. Now rendezvous and docking has become a daily routine of space operations. However, the past and present docking technology complex, huge weight and power consumption, can only be achieved in large and medium-sized spacecraft. For example, in the 70s and 80s of last century, the spacecraft stations of the Soviet Union, the Peace Station and the alliance spacecraft only had the weight of over 2 tons to 3 tons of rendezvous and docking facilities and the relevant rendezvous and docking equipment. Such as