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目的了解2011~2013年贵港市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,降低儿童死亡率。方法对2011~2013年贵港市5岁以下儿童死亡相关资料进行回顾性统计分析。结果 2011~2013年贵港市活产儿共252 896例,5岁以下儿童死亡1 775例,5岁以下儿童死亡率为7.02%,呈逐年下降趋势。5岁以下儿童死亡的年龄分布:新生儿死亡占43.94%,婴儿(不含新生儿)死亡占22.54%,1~4岁儿童死亡占33.52%。5岁以下儿童死因排序前5位依次为早产或低出生体重、肺炎、出生窒息、溺水、意外窒息。5岁以下儿童死亡地点:在医院死亡占70.08%,在家中死亡占17.75%,在途中死亡占12.17%。5岁以下儿童死亡前住院治疗占61.80%,门诊治疗占20.11%,未治疗占18.08%。结论降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的重点人群是婴儿,而控制新生儿死亡率是关键。加强基层医生技术水平培训,提高业务素质及儿童救治能力,可进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。
Objective To understand the deaths of children under 5 in Guigang from 2011 to 2013 and reduce the child mortality rate. Methods Retrospective statistical analysis was conducted on the death data of children under 5 years of age from 2011 to 2013 in Guigang City. Results A total of 252 896 live births were reported in Guigang City from 2011 to 2013. There were 1 775 deaths among children under 5 years of age and 7.02% deaths among children under 5 years old, which showed a declining trend year by year. Age distribution of deaths of children under 5 years of age accounted for 43.94% of newborns, 22.54% of infants (excluding newborns), and 33.52% of children aged 1-4 years. The top five children under 5 years of age were premature or low birth weight, pneumonia, asphyxia at birth, drowning and accidental suffocation. Deaths of children under 5 years old: 70.08% died in hospital, 17.75% died at home and 12.17% died on the way. Children under the age of 5 died before hospitalization accounted for 61.80%, outpatient treatment accounted for 20.11%, untreated accounted for 18.08%. Conclusion The key population that reduces the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age is the infant, and the control of neonatal mortality is the key. Strengthen the training of grassroots doctors in technical skills, improve their professional skills and children’s medical skills, and further reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.