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目的了解汕头市初中生道路交通伤害现况及交通安全知识行为特征,并探索步行交通伤害的相关危险因素,为建立有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取汕头市区3所中学的1 100名初中生,采用自行设计的调查问卷对其过去1 a内道路交通伤害的发生情况、相关交通知识及相关危险行为进行自填式问卷调查。结果过去1 a有131人报告发生过道路交通伤害,总计193人次,交通伤害发生率为11.9%(131/1 100),其中男、女生交通伤害发生率分别为12.8%和11.0%,初一、初二、初三学生的交通伤害发生率分别为11.4%,12.9%,12.2%,性别、年级间差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.87,0.38,P值均>0.05)。关于交通安全知识的9道题目平均得分为(5.94±1.63)分,男生为(5.90±1.66)分,女生为(5.98±1.59)分,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.752,P>0.05);初一、初二、初三学生得分分别为(6.11±1.61)、(5.72±1.64)和(5.77±1.60)分,差异有统计学意义(F=6.874,P<0.05)。20.2%的学生经常任意横穿马路,37.5%的学生在过去1 a中曾在路上追逐打闹;67.2%的学生曾在学校接受过交通安全教育,对上学途中交通环境较为满意的学生仅有41.5%;初中生步行交通伤害发生率为7.0%(77/1 100),多因素Logistic回归分析发现,车辆不礼让行人(OR=1.697,95%CI=1.050~2.743)和路上有经常追逐打闹行为(OR=1.644,95%CI=1.116~2.421)是初中生步行交通伤害的危险因素。结论汕头市初中生的交通伤害发生率比较高,交通相关知识、信念、行为方面存在不足,城市道路交通环境满意度低。应加强中学生的交通安全教育,改善城市道路交通环境,以降低学生交通伤害的发生率。
Objective To understand the status quo of road traffic injuries and traffic safety knowledge among junior high school students in Shantou City and to explore the related risk factors of traffic injuries and provide a scientific basis for establishing effective intervention measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1,100 middle school students from 3 middle schools in Shantou City. Based on the self-designed questionnaire, the incidence of road traffic injuries, related traffic knowledge and related dangerous behaviors in the past 1 year were analyzed. Conduct self-administered questionnaires. Results In the past 1 year, 131 people reported that traffic accidents had occurred, amounting to 193 passengers, and the incidence of traffic injuries was 11.9% (131/1 100). Among them, the incidence of traffic injuries among boys and girls was 12.8% and 11.0% respectively. . The incidence of traffic injuries on the second day and the third day were 11.4%, 12.9% and 12.2% respectively. There was no significant difference in gender and grade between the two groups (χ2 = 0.87,0.38, P> 0.05). The average score of 9 items on traffic safety was 5.94 ± 1.63, 5.90 ± 1.66 for boys and 5.98 ± 1.59 for girls, with no significant difference (t = -0.752, P> 0.05 ). The scores of the first, second and third year students were (6.11 ± 1.61), (5.72 ± 1.64) and (5.77 ± 1.60) points, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (F = 6.874, P <0.05). 20.2% of students often crossed the road at random, 37.5% of students chased on the streets during the past 1 year, 67.2% of students had received school safety education, and only those students who were satisfied with the traffic environment on their way to school were 41.5%. The incidence of pedestrian traffic injuries among junior high school students was 7.0% (77/1 100). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that car was not polite to pedestrians (OR = 1.697, 95% CI = 1.050 ~ 2.743) Noisy behavior (OR = 1.644, 95% CI = 1.116 ~ 2.421) was a risk factor for traffic injuries in junior high school students. Conclusions Junior high school students in Shantou City have a relatively high incidence of traffic injuries, lack of relevant knowledge, beliefs and behaviors in traffic, and low satisfaction of urban road traffic environment. Secondary school students should be strengthened traffic safety education, improve urban road traffic environment, in order to reduce the incidence of student traffic injuries.