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冬前,是小麦盘根分蘖的关键时期。冬前的分蘖一般都能成穗,而春生蘖大多不能成穗而成为无效蘖。因此,加强小麦冬前的肥水管理,促使其早分蘖、长大蘖,盘好根,形成壮苗安全越冬至关重要。在管理上应做到: 1、酌施冬肥。越冬前的小麦正是长根、分蘖的关键时期,对肥料的反应比较敏感,可以视苗情酌施一定数量的氮肥促使壮苗早发。一般是对生长瘦弱或底肥小足的麦田,亩施入碳铵20-25公斤或尿素8—10公斤,以利于小麦生根分蘖,壮苗越冬。 2、巧浇冬水。我省冬季,大多干旱少雨,蒸发量大。所以,浇好冬水是保征小麦安全越冬的重要措施。它的主要作用:一是由于水的热容量较大,冬灌能使士壤养分充足,有效地缓和地温的剧烈变化,防止冻害死苗;二是巩固年前分蘖,冬水春用,为来年小麦返青保蓄水分,防止春旱;二是塌实土壤,粉碎坷垃,消灭越冬害虫。据我们试验研究,浇冬水一般能增产5—10％。浇
Before winter, it is a crucial period for tillering of wheat. Tillers before winter can generally become spikes, and most of spring tillers can not become spikes and become ineffective tillers. Therefore, strengthening winter wheat fertilizer management, prompting its early tillering, tillering, pan good roots, the formation of strong seedling winter safety is essential. Management should be done: 1, discretionary winter fertilizer. Before winter wheat is the root, tillering of the critical period, the response to the fertilizer is more sensitive, depending on the Miao Zhuang appropriate to apply a certain amount of nitrogen to promote strong seedling early onset. Generally the growth of thin wheat or small footprint of wheat, acres of ammonium bicarbonate applied 20-25 kg or urea 8-10 kg, in order to facilitate wheat rooting tillers, strong seedlings wintering. 2, clever watering winter. In winter in our province, most of them are dry and rainy with a large amount of evaporation. Therefore, pouring winter water is an important measure to ensure the safety of wheat overwintering. Its main role: First, due to the greater heat capacity of water, winter irrigation can make enough soil nutrients, effectively reduce the drastic changes in temperature to prevent frost damage; second is to consolidate the year before tillering, Rejuvenation save moisture to prevent spring drought; second collapse of solid soil, smash Ke rub, eliminate overwintering pests. According to our experimental study, pouring winter water can generally increase 5-10%. Poured