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在山地建公路的时候,唯独亚高山白叶冷杉·大白叶冷杉林,往往会因施工开凿而立枯,并造成森林的完全破坏。这是受制于严峻环境的亚高山森林,在人为破坏之后不能再恢复的一种脆弱存在吗?不对,不能这样说。这看起来是异常的集团枯损现象,其实是白叶冷杉·大白叶冷杉林得以延续的更新动态的一个侧面;这在自然状态下也是常见的。 白叶冷杉与大白叶冷都是冷杉属的常绿针叶树种,也是分布于本州山地亚高山带上部,形成顶极森林的优势树种。它们在太平洋及日本海沿岸的分布是错开的,在日本中部山地的分布则是共存的。这里首先以整个森林为一个系统,讨论白叶冷杉·大白叶冷杉林的更新动态的特征;然后以笔者的研究为基础,由这两个种的更新特性,论证其能够共存的机制;最后关于这两个种的地理分布,也按更新动态观点试作说明。
When building roads in mountainous areas, only the alpine white-leafed fir-leaved fir forest often runs dry due to construction and causes complete destruction of the forest. Is this a fragile subterranean forest subject to harsh conditions that can not be restored after man-made destruction? No, we can not say that. This appears to be an abnormal group blight, in fact a side of the renewal of the dynamic of the fir-leafed fir and leaf-white fir forest; this is also common in nature. White fir and white leaf are all coniferous evergreen conifer species, is also distributed in the upper mountainous region of Honshu, the formation of the top of the dominant forest species. Their distribution on the shores of the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan is staggered, and their distribution in mountainous areas in central Japan coexists. Here, firstly, the whole forest is taken as a system to discuss the characteristics of renewal dynamics of the fir and white fir forest. Based on the author’s research, the renewal characteristics of the two species will be used to demonstrate the mechanism of coexistence. The geographical distribution of these two species, but also update the dynamic point of view for trial and explanation.