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目的分析2009年新乡市麻疹流行病学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法和酶联免疫吸附试验检验麻疹IgM抗体。结果 2009年共报告麻疹确诊病例269例,实验室确诊病例207例,占总病例的76.95%,临床/流病学确诊病例62例,占总病例的23.05%。年发病率为4.71/10万,发病模式呈散发与暴发并存,病例分布广泛,并有明显的季节性。1～4月发病例数占总病例数的88.10%,3月份达到高峰。病例分布有明显的地域差异,发病相对集中的地区占总病例数的65.80%;结论随着控制、消除麻疹活动的实施,麻疹发病率已大幅度下降,但发病率依然处于不稳定状态[1],麻疹流行病学特征发生了较大变化[2],使消除麻疹面临挑战。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Xinxiang City in 2009. Methods Epidemiological methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to test measles IgM antibody. Results A total of 269 confirmed cases of measles were detected in 2009, including 207 confirmed cases in laboratory, accounting for 76.95% of the total cases and 62 cases of clinical / epidemiological diagnosis, accounting for 23.05% of the total cases. The annual incidence was 4.71 / 100 000, the incidence pattern was exuviated and the outbreak coexist, the case is widely distributed, and has a clear seasonal. From January to April the number of cases accounted for 88.10% of the total number of cases, reached its peak in March. There were obvious geographical differences in the distribution of cases, with 65.80% of the total cases in the areas where the incidence was relatively concentrated. Conclusion With the control and elimination of measles activities, the incidence of measles has dropped significantly, but the incidence is still in an unstable state [1 ], The epidemiological characteristics of measles have undergone major changes [2], to eliminate the challenges of measles.