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目的:探讨社区空巢老人心理弹性、自我忽视与抑郁的关系，并分析抑郁在心理弹性与自我忽视之间的中介作用。方法:本研究为横断面研究。采用分层多阶段抽样法，于2020年7—10月选取青岛市6个社区卫生服务中心的560名社区空巢老人为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、中文版心理弹性量表、简版老年抑郁量表、老年自我忽视量表进行调查。各变量之间的相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析；采用AMOS 24.0软件构建结构方程模型。共发放问卷560份，回收有效问卷549份，有效回收率为98.04%。结果:549名社区空巢老人中文版心理弹性量表总分为（64.30±14.57）分，老年自我忽视量表条目均分为（3.72±2.67）分，存在抑郁症状者174名（31.70%）。社区空巢老人中文版心理弹性量表总分及各维度得分与简版老年抑郁量表总分呈负相关（n P<0.01）；除安全自我忽视维度外，老年自我忽视量表其余各维度得分及总分与中文版心理弹性量表总分及各维度得分呈负相关（n P<0.01），与简版老年抑郁量表总分呈正相关（n P<0.01）。抑郁在社区空巢老人心理弹性和自我忽视间起中介作用，中介效应占总效应的53.85%。n 结论:社区空巢老人的心理弹性可直接影响自我忽视，也可通过抑郁间接影响自我忽视，应关注社区空巢老人心理弹性的提升，减少自我忽视的发生，以促进其健康老龄化。“,”Objective:To explore the correlation between psychological resilience, self-neglect and depression among community empty-nest elderly people, and to analyze the mediating role of depression between psychological resilience and self-neglect.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. From July to October 2020, a stratified multi-stage sampling was used to select 560 community empty-nest elderly people from 6 community health service centers in Qingdao as the research object. The survey was carried out using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) , the simplified version of the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Geriatric Self-neglect Scale. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between variables. The structural equation model was constructed using AMOS 24.0. A total of 560 questionnaires were distributed, and 549 valid questionnaires were recovered, with the valid recovery rate of 98.04%.Results:Among 549 empty-nest elderly people, the total score of Chinese version of CD-RISC was (64.30±14.57) , and the average score of the Geriatric Self-neglect Scale was (3.72±2.67) . There were 174 elderly people (31.70%) with depressive symptoms. The total score and the scores of each dimension of the Chinese version of the CD-RISC in the community empty-nest elderly people were negatively correlated with the total score of the simplified version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (n P<0.01) . Except for the dimension of safety self-neglect, the scores of other dimensions and the total score of the Geriatric Self-neglect Scale were negatively correlated with the total score and the scores of each dimension of the Chinese version of the CD-RISC (n P<0.01) , and were positively correlated with the total score of the simplified version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (n P<0.01) . Depression played a mediating role between the psychological resilience and self-neglect of empty-nest elderly in the community, and the mediating effect accounted for 53.85% of the total effect.n Conclusions:Psychological resilience of community empty-nest elderly can directly affect self-neglect, and can also indirectly affect self-neglect through depression. Attention should be paid to the improvement of the psychological resilience of the empty-nest elderly in the community, to reduce the occurrence of self-neglect, and to promote their healthy aging.