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一元复始,万象更新。2009年3月,十一届全国人大二次会议和全国政协十一届二次会议在北京胜利召开。会议期间,与会代表委员们围绕国务院总理温家宝所作的《政府工作报告》,就如何应对国际金融危机的冲击,增强信心与力量,全面振兴中国经济这一主题,针对扩大内需保增长、切实解决就业难、加速社保和医疗改革等老百姓最为关注的民生热点问题,积极建言献策。一元复始,万象更新。2009年3月,十一届全国人大二次会议和全国政协十一届二次会议在北京胜利召开。会议期间,与会代表委员们围绕国务院总理温家宝所作的《政府工作报告》,就如何应对国际金融危机的冲击,增强信心与力量,全面振兴中国经济这一主题,针对扩大内需保增长、切实解决就业难、加速社保和医疗改革等老百姓最为关注的民生热点问题,积极建言献策。扩大内需,保持经济平稳发展温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中提到:积极扩大国内需求特别是消费需求,增强内需对经济增长的拉动作用。加快转变发展方式,大力推进经济结构战略性调整。代表委员们说,2008年中央政府制定4万亿元经济刺激消费方案,加上即将由中央代发的2000亿元地方债券,大大增强了民众的信心。如何让这些投资收到良好的效果,一是地方政府要对投资项目进行评估测算,争取效益最大化;二是中央政府和地方政府要强化监管,把投资用到刀刃上,不出现浪费和贪污、挪用现象。代表委员们表示,扩大内需不仅仅是投入大量财政资金来搞基础设施建设,更重要的是让利于民。让利于民首先应向农村居民倾斜,拉动农村消费市场。近年来,政府对“三农”问题的重视可谓前所未有,相继出台了取消农业税、土地流转、家电下乡、汽车下乡以及对农业生产的各种补贴和保护政策。这是缘于改革开放30年来农民生活虽然取得了翻天覆地的变化,但农民人均纯收入增长始终低于GDP增速,也低于城镇居民收入增速。2008年我国农村居民人均纯收入4761元,远低于城镇居民可支配收入15781元的水平。代表委员们认为,农民增收困难,一方面在于农业利润率不高,同时也和农业规模化程度不高、农业生产人口过多有关。目前政府的主要做法是提高粮食最低收购价,这样的措施只能保证农民收入不下滑,对于大幅度提高农民收入没有太明显的作用,而且提高粮食价格还会在一定程度上加大城市低收入人群的负担。解决农民增收困难,出路在于适度提高农业规模化经营的程度,同时加快城市化进程。加快城市化进程,一方面意味着农业人口向城镇的转移,另一方面也意味着城市先进生产力向农村的流动。城乡互动,需要城镇放松户籍管制,需要科学技术和科技人员下乡。除了创造条件为农民增收,城镇居民的消费潜力也不容忽视。如果将刺激农村消费视为短期内快速获得效果的途径,那么城镇居民的消费则是中国经济增长的持续动力。对城镇居民而言,减税让利应该
A dollar back, Vientiane update. In March 2009, the Second Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congress and the Second Session of the Eleventh National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference were held in Beijing. During the meeting, delegates attended the “Government Work Report” made by Premier Wen Jiabao and answered questions on how to deal with the impact of the global financial crisis, increase confidence and strength, and comprehensively rejuvenate the Chinese economy. In response to the goal of expanding domestic demand and ensuring economic growth, Difficult to speed up the social security and medical reform and other people’s livelihood most concerned about the hot issues, and actively offer advice and suggestions. A dollar back, Vientiane update. In March 2009, the Second Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congress and the Second Session of the Eleventh National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference were held in Beijing. During the meeting, delegates attended the “Government Work Report” made by Premier Wen Jiabao and answered questions on how to deal with the impact of the global financial crisis, increase confidence and strength, and comprehensively rejuvenate the Chinese economy. In response to the goal of expanding domestic demand and ensuring economic growth, Difficult to speed up the social security and medical reform and other people’s livelihood most concerned about the hot issues, and actively offer advice and suggestions. Expanding Domestic Demand and Maintaining Stable Economic Development Premier Wen Jiabao mentioned in the “Report on the Work of the Government” that it will actively expand domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and enhance the stimulating effect of domestic demand on economic growth. We will speed up the transformation of the mode of development and vigorously promote the strategic readjustment of the economic structure. On behalf of the members, in 2008, the central government formulated a plan for stimulating consumption of 4 trillion yuan in economy and spending, adding 200 billion yuan of local bonds to be promulgated by the Central Government, greatly boosting people’s confidence. How to make these investments receive good results? First, the local government should evaluate the investment projects to measure and strive for maximum benefit. Second, the central government and local governments should strengthen their supervision and use the investment to their advantage without any waste and corruption. , Misappropriation phenomenon. Representatives said that expanding domestic demand is not only about investing large amounts of financial resources in infrastructure construction, but more importantly, helping the people. Rangli people first should be inclined to rural residents, stimulating rural consumer markets. In recent years, the government has paid unprecedented attention to the issue of “agriculture, countryside and farmers” and successively promulgated various policies on subsidies and protection for agricultural production such as the abolition of agricultural tax, land transfer, home appliances going to the countryside, cars going to the countryside, and agricultural production. This is because peasant life has achieved tremendous changes over the past 30 years of reform and opening up. However, the per capita net income growth of peasants has always been lower than the growth rate of GDP and also lower than that of urban residents. In 2008, the per capita net income of rural residents in China was 4,761 yuan, much lower than the disposable income of urban residents of 15,781 yuan. On behalf of the members, the peasants’ difficulties in increasing income are due to the fact that the agricultural profit margin is not high, and at the same time it is also related to the low level of agricultural scale and the excessive agricultural production. At present, the government’s main approach is to increase the minimum purchase price of grain. Such measures can only ensure that the peasants ’income does not fall, and will not play a significant role in raising the peasants’ income substantially. Increasing the grain price will, to a certain extent, increase the urban low-income The burden of the crowd. The solution to the peasants’ increasing income is to moderately increase the scale of agricultural operations and to speed up the process of urbanization. Speeding up the process of urbanization means on the one hand the transfer of agricultural population to cities and towns and on the other hand the flow of advanced urban productive forces to rural areas. Interaction between urban and rural areas, need to relax household registration control, need science and technology and scientific and technological personnel to the countryside. In addition to creating conditions for farmers to increase their income, urban residents’ consumption potential can not be ignored. If rural consumption is stimulated as a quick way to get results in the short term, then the consumption of urban residents will be the driving force for China’s economic growth. For urban residents, tax concessions should be