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破产程序,是法院受理破产申请和宣告债务人破产的程序。破产程序有两项显著特征:(1)破产程序非有法院参与不得开始。法院对破产案件有专属管辖权,债务人有不能清偿到期债务的情事,应向法院申请破产,唯有法院能够决定是否宣告债务人破产。(2)破产程序有优先适用效力。破产程序有优先于和解程序、公司清算程序、公司重整程序的相对效力,即开始破产程序后不得再请求破产法外的和解、公司清算以及公司重整。破产程序有优先于个别民事执行程序的绝对效力。现将涉及我国破产程序的若干基本问题研评于下。
Bankruptcy proceedings, the court accepted bankruptcy proceedings and declare the debtor bankruptcy procedures. There are two salient features of a bankruptcy proceeding: (1) Bankruptcy proceedings can not begin without the participation of a court. Where the court has exclusive jurisdiction over the bankruptcy case and the debtor is unable to pay off its debts as they become due, the court should file for bankruptcy. Only the court can decide whether to declare the debtor bankrupted. (2) Bankruptcy proceedings have priority effect. The insolvency proceedings have priority over the settlement proceedings, the liquidation proceedings of the company, and the relative effectiveness of the reorganization proceedings of the company, ie, the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings shall not require further settlement other than bankruptcy proceedings, liquidation of the company and reorganization of the company. Bankruptcy proceedings have precedence over the absolute validity of individual civil enforcement procedures. At present, some basic issues concerning our country’s bankruptcy proceedings are reviewed.