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扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley是近年在我国新发现的一种重要外来入侵害虫,特别是对我国棉花生产具有潜在的巨大威胁,本文研究了实验室条件下(27±1℃,RH70%±5%)该虫在棉花上的发育历期、繁殖能力及各虫态的形态特征。结果表明:扶桑绵粉蚧雌虫生活史包括卵、1龄若虫、2龄若虫、3龄若虫和雌成虫;雄虫生活史包括卵、1龄若虫、2龄若虫、预蛹、蛹和雄成虫。卵期很短,雌虫若虫期15~20d,总历期约为47~59d;雄虫若虫和蛹期17~22d,总历期约为20~26d;雌虫寿命明显长于雄虫。该蚧虫繁殖能力强,雌成虫产卵量200~862粒/头,平均产卵458粒/头。各虫态主要形态特征为:卵呈长椭圆形,橙黄色,略微透明;1龄若虫,淡黄绿色,行动活泼;2龄若虫体缘突起显现,尾瓣突出,至末期可根据体表黑斑的可见程度区分雌、雄虫;3龄雌若虫,体表有薄层蜡粉,在前、中胸背面亚中区和腹部1~4节背面亚中区可见清晰斑点,形成纵向黑色条斑,外表形似雌成虫。雌成虫呈卵圆形,体表蜡粉厚实,胸、腹背面的黑色条斑在蜡粉覆盖下呈成对黑色斑点状,体缘蜡突明显,共18对,其中腹部末端2~3对较长;雄虫蛹包裹于松软的白色丝茧中;雄成虫,虫体较小,黑褐色;触角细长,具一对发达透明前翅,后翅退化为平衡棒,腹部末端具2对白色长蜡丝。本文通过对扶桑绵粉蚧的基本生物学特性和各个龄期发育的形态特征的研究,为该虫的进一步研究和科学防控提供了基本资料,具有重要的理论和实践意义。
Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is an important invasive pest newly discovered in our country in recent years, especially for cotton production in our country. This paper studied the effects of laboratory conditions (27 ± 1 ℃, RH70% ± 5 %) The developmental history of the insect on cotton, reproductive capacity and morphological characteristics of each state. The results showed that the life history of female mealybugs includes eggs, 1st instar nymphs, 2nd instar nymphs, 3rd instar nymphs and female adults. The male’s life history includes eggs, 1st instar nymphs, 2nd instar nymphs, . Egg stage is very short, the female nymph period of 15 ~ 20d, the total duration of about 47 ~ 59d; male nymphs and pupal stage of 17 ~ 22d, the total duration of about 20 ~ 26d; female life was significantly longer than the male. The scale insects reproductive ability, the female adult fecundity 200 ~ 862 / head, an average of 458 eggs / head. The main morphological characteristics of the various insect states: oval was long oval, orange, slightly transparent; 1 instar nymphs, yellowish green, action lively; 2 nymphs protruding body edge prominent tail valve, to the end of the body surface can be Visible degree of dark spots distinguish between male and female; 3-year-old female nymphs, the body surface with a thin layer of wax, in the front, middle and back of the middle back of the abdomen and abdomen 1 to 4 back of the sub-area can be seen clearly in the dark spots to form vertical black Streaked, looks like a female adult. Female adults oval, thick wax body surface, chest, abdomen black streaks in the wax covered with a pair of black spots, the limbic obvious, a total of 18 pairs, of which 2 to 3 at the end of the abdomen Long; males pupa wrapped in a soft white silk cocoon; male adult, insect body is small, dark brown; antennae slender, with a pair of well-developed transparent forewing, hind wings degenerated into balance sticks, abdomen with 2 pairs of white Long wax silk. In this paper, the basic biological characteristics of mealybugs mealybugs and their morphological characteristics at different developmental stages have provided the basic information for the further research and scientific prevention and control of this pest, which has important theoretical and practical significance.