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1.问题的提出 国家自然科学基金以资助基础研究为目的,它的绩效从国家级奖励这个角度观察是一个重要的侧面。我国已经实施的国家级三大科技奖:国家自然科学奖、国家科技进步奖、国家发明奖应是调查的重点。国家自然科学奖以基础研究为主,其成果体现在对自然规律的揭示;国家科技进步奖,其成果以它创新技术而产生的经济效益和社会效益为主体;国家发明奖是在获得专利权之后申报的,当然具有新颖性、创造性和实用性,这种奖励重点体现在发明的创造性以及它创造或潜在创造的经济效益。几年来,对国家自然科学奖我们已进行了跟踪统计,发现其中不同程度地获得过科学基金资助的项目占有较大比例,且逐年增加。1987年占30％,1995年上升为88％。而科学基金资助的项目中有多少项获得过国家科技进步奖、国家发明奖,至今
1. Proposed Issues The NSFC aims to fund basic research and its performance is viewed as an important aspect from the perspective of state-level rewards. China has implemented three national-level science and technology awards: the National Natural Science Award, the National Science and Technology Progress Award, the National Invention Award should be the focus of the investigation. The National Natural Science Prize is mainly based on basic research. Its achievements are manifested in the revelation of the laws of nature. The National Science and Technology Progress Prize is mainly based on its economic and social benefits from its innovative technologies. The national invention award is granted on the patent right Subsequent declarations, of course, are novelty, inventive step and practicability. The emphasis of this award is on the inventiveness of the invention and the economic benefits it creates or potentially creates. In the past few years, we have carried out statistical tracking of the National Natural Science Award and found that a large proportion of the projects that have received scientific fund grants in varying degrees have been increasing year by year. Accounting for 30% in 1987 and 88% in 1995. The number of projects funded by the Science Foundation has won the National Science and Technology Progress Award, the National Invention Award, since