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目的 探讨延边地区宫颈非典型鳞状细胞(ASC)的临床意义.方法 收集2013年1月-2015年12月在延边大学附属医院接受宫颈液基细胞学检查(TCT)的标本23 118例(朝鲜族6 749例,汉族16 369例),其中经病理证实的ASC 365例,其中非典型鳞状细胞意义不明确(ASC-US) 126例,非典型鳞状细胞不除外高级别鳞状上皮内病变(ASC-H) 239例.分析朝、汉两个民族、不同年龄组ASC检出情况及其与病理活检结果.结果 23 118例中检出ASC 723例,检出率为3.1％.其中朝鲜族ASC检出率为3.6％ (240/6 749),汉族检出率为3.0％ (483/16 369),两个民族之间检出率差异有统计学意义(∥=5.781,P＜0.05).ASC主要分布在40～49岁之间,其次在50 ～59岁之间.不同年龄段妇女宫颈ASC检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).126例ASC-US患者中,慢性炎症99例(78.6％)、宫颈上皮内病变(GIN)Ⅰ级6例(4.8％)、CINⅡ级8例(6.3％)、CINⅢ级10例(7.9％)、鳞癌3例(2.4％);239例ASC-H患者中慢性宫颈炎151例(63.2％),CIN Ⅰ级14例(5.9％),CINⅡ级18例(7.5％),CINⅢ级33例(13.8％),鳞癌23例(9.6％).不同年龄组之间CIN及宫颈癌的检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 延边地区朝鲜族妇女ASC检出率高,ASC主要分布在40 ～49岁年龄段,对高危年龄组应加强管理,防止宫颈病变的进一步进展;ASC-H更具有高度病变和潜在危险性,应引起重视.“,”Objective To explore the clinical significance of atypical squamous cells (ASC) in Yanbian area.Methods A total of 23 118 cervical samples from 6 749 Chinese Korean women and 16 369 Han women after Thinprep cytology test (TCT) in Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University from January 2013 to December 2015 were collected,among which 365 patients were diagnosed as ASC after pathological examination,including 126 cases of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and 239 cases of atypical squamous cell cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H).The detection rates of ASC and the results of biopsy after pathological examination among the Chinese Korean women and Han women in different age groups were analyzed.Results Among 23 118 women,723 women were diagnosed as ASC,the detection rate was 3.1％.The detection rates of ASC among Chinese Korean women and Han women were 3.6％ (240/6 749) and 3.0％ (483/16 369),respectively,there was statistically significant difference (x2 =5.781,P＜0.05).The detection rate of ASC was the highest among the women aged 40-49 years old,followed by the women aged 50-59 years old.There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of ASC among the women in different age groups (P＜0.001).Among 126 patients with ASC-US,99 patients (78.6％) with cervical chronic inflammation,6 patients (4.8％) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅰ,8 patients (6.3％) with CIN Ⅱ,10 patients (7.9％) with CINⅢ,and 3 patients (2.4％) with cervical quamous cell carcinoma were found.Among 239 patients with ASC-H,151 patients (63.2％) with cervical chronic inflammation,14 patients (5.9％) with CIN Ⅰ,18 patients (7.5％) with CIN Ⅱ,33 patients (13.8％) with CINⅢ,and 23 patients (9.6％) with cervical quamous cell carcinoma were found.There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rates of CIN and cervical quamous cell carcinoma among the women in different age groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of ASC is high among Chinese Korean women in Yanbian area.ASC is mainly distributed in 40-49-year-old group.In order to prevent the further aggravation of cervical lesions,management should be strengthened in high-risk age group.ASC-H has high degree of disease progression and potential risk,more attention should be paid to.