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目的通过体外细胞实验评价锡矿含石英粉尘的生物特性和毒性,并与接尘工人尘肺和肺癌等疾病发生进行比较。方法选择鼠肺巨噬细胞为靶细胞,分别测定4个锡矿的呼吸性粉尘样本作用于靶细胞后,葡萄糖苷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶、过氧化氢以及活性氧自由基(ROS)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)的释放。以标准石英(DQ12)和氧化铝作为对照。矿工人群流行病学研究为回顾前瞻性队列研究。结果流行病学研究显示,锡矿接尘工人的尘肺标化死亡比(SMR)高达49.7(95%CI:39.5～61.8),肿瘤(SMR=1.58,95%CI:1.39～1.76)和肺癌死亡率(SMR=3.17,95%CI:2.59～3.76)高于全国平均水平。锡矿粉尘的细胞毒性与细胞功能损伤作用高于氧化铝而低于石英,其诱导的ROS水平明显高于氧化铝和石英,此外,粉尘样本还导致TNFα分泌升高,超过或接近纯石英粉尘的作用。结论现场粉尘体外细胞实验结果能较好地解释人群流行病学调查的趋势,粉尘的体外毒性测定可能具有筛检现场粉尘危害的作用。
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the biological characteristics and toxicity of quartz dust containing quartz by in vitro cell experiments and compare with the occurrence of pneumoconiosis and lung cancer in workers exposed to dust. Methods Rat lung macrophages were selected as target cells. Respiratory dust samples of four tin miners were tested for their activity on target cells. Glucuronidase, lactate dehydrogenase, hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) release. Standard quartz (DQ12) and alumina were used as controls. Epidemiological study of miners population To review prospective cohort studies. Results Epidemiological studies showed that the tin dust workers had a pneumoconiosis standardized death rate (SMR) of 49.7 (95% CI: 39.5 to 61.8), tumor (SMR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.39 to 1.76) Rates (SMR = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.59-3.76) were above the national average. Tin mine dust cytotoxicity and cell dysfunction than alumina and quartz lower than its induced ROS levels were significantly higher than alumina and quartz, in addition, the dust samples also lead to increased secretion of TNFα, more or less than pure quartz dust Role. Conclusion The results of in-situ cell dust experiment in vivo can explain the trend of population epidemiological investigation well. The determination of in vitro toxicity of dust may have the effect of screening the dust hazard in the field.